Haigh (2009)

From Copyright EVIDENCE

Advertising Architectural Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing Programming and broadcasting Computer programming Computer consultancy Creative, arts and entertainment Cultural education Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities

Film and motion pictures Sound recording and music publishing Photographic activities PR and communication Software publishing Video game publishing Specialised design Television programmes Translation and interpretation

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness)

Source Details

Haigh (2009)
Title: Of Ducks and Downloads The Moral Economy of Intellectual Property in Post-Soviet Society
Author(s): Haigh, M.
Year: 2009
Citation: Haigh, M. (2009). Of ducks and downloads: The moral economy of intellectual property in post-Soviet society. Libri, 59(4), 248-258.
Link(s): Definitive
Key Related Studies:
Discipline:
Linked by:
About the Data
Data Description: Data has been extracted from written statements submitted by students during focus group sessions at the Informatics Department of NaUKMA, a Ukrainian university, were the author spent six months teaching courses on intellectual property issues. However, the author does not specify the number of participating students, focus group sessions, or amount of statements used as data sources.
Data Type: Primary data
Secondary Data Sources:
Data Collection Methods:
Data Analysis Methods:
Industry(ies):
Country(ies):
Cross Country Study?: No
Comparative Study?: No
Literature review?: No
Government or policy study?: No
Time Period(s) of Collection:
  • 2007
Funder(s):
  • Fulbright grant program

Abstract

As living standards have risen in recent years the citizens of post-Soviet states are turning increasingly toward newly available high bandwidth Internet connections as a new medium for the exchange of music, films, and computer software. Taking Ukraine as an example, the author argues that users are literally and metaphorically reconstructing imported Internet technologies in accordance with their own pre-existing cultures. The author probes these understandings through analysis of statements on file sharing behavior made by a sample of Ukrainian Internet users. To explain this distinctive technological path, the author examines the interaction of technologies, users, and regulatory regimes. These have shaped the understanding of ordinary users toward what the author, following E.P. Thompson, calls the “moral economy” of copyright and file sharing. The transition from this moral economy of intellectual property to the global intellectual property regime has occurred in law but not in practice.

Main Results of the Study

- Thompson's concept of moral economy has relevance for today’s shift to a globalized intellectual property regime. Users of computer networks struggle to assert traditional rights in a world remade by new technological and economic systems, yet the traditional understandings and norms on which Internet users draw vary in each country.

- In Ukraine, assimilation into the emerging global intellectual property regime involves paradoxical developments. Proponents of membership in the World Trade Association argue that this is a crucial step in Ukraine’s transition from socialist serfdom to capitalist freedom.

- Yet Ukrainians are aware that full entry into the global intellectual property regime means giving up other kinds of freedom, threatening deeply rooted practices of file sharing that they justify on moral grounds such as poverty, practical necessity, or religious obligation.

- The freedom to copy unlicensed media files is assumed not just by young people but by Internet service providers and small businesses. The transition from the moral economy of intellectual property to the global intellectual property regime has occurred in law but not in practice.

Policy Implications as Stated By Author

Analysis of the use and social meaning of Internet file sharing should not assume that a given technology or network will have the same meaning for users in all countries. Instead, studies of information sharing behavior should be integrated within a broader analysis of the social and national milieus in which they take place.


Coverage of Study

Coverage of Fundamental Issues
Issue Included within Study
Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare
Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)?
Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors)
Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption)
Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media)
Green-tick.png
Coverage of Evidence Based Policies
Issue Included within Study
Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right)
Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction)
Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing)
Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability)
Green-tick.png
Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts)
Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness)
Green-tick.png

Datasets

Sample size: Not stated"Not stated" is not a number.
Level of aggregation: Individual
Period of material under study: 2007