Difference between revisions of "Khan (2004)"
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− | {{Source | + | {{MainSource |
− | |Author=Khan | + | |Source={{Source |
+ | |Name of Study=Khan (2004) | ||
+ | |Author=Khan, B. Z. | ||
|Title=Does Copyright Piracy Pay? The Effects of US International Copyright Laws on the Market for Books, 1790-1920 | |Title=Does Copyright Piracy Pay? The Effects of US International Copyright Laws on the Market for Books, 1790-1920 | ||
|Year=2004 | |Year=2004 | ||
|Full Citation=Khan, B. Z. (2004). Does Copyright Piracy Pay? The Effects of US International Copyright Laws on the Market for Books, 1790-1920 (No. w10271). National Bureau of Economic Research. | |Full Citation=Khan, B. Z. (2004). Does Copyright Piracy Pay? The Effects of US International Copyright Laws on the Market for Books, 1790-1920 (No. w10271). National Bureau of Economic Research. | ||
|Abstract=Does the lack of international copyrights benefit or harm developing countries? I examine the effects of U.S. copyright piracy during a period when the U.S. was itself a developing country. U.S. statutes since 1790 protected the copyrights of American citizens, but until 1891 deemed the works of foreign citizens to be in the public domain. In 1891, the laws were changed to allow foreigners to obtain copyright protection in the United States if certain conditions were met. Thus, this episode in American history provides us with a convenient way of investigating the consequences of international copyright piracy. My analysis is based on copyright registrations, information on authors, book titles and prices, financial data from the accounts of a major publishing company, and lawsuits regarding copyright questions. These data are used to investigate the welfare effects of widespread infringement of foreign works on American publishers, writers, and the public. The results suggest that the United States benefited from piracy and that the choice of copyright regime was endogenous to the level of economic development. | |Abstract=Does the lack of international copyrights benefit or harm developing countries? I examine the effects of U.S. copyright piracy during a period when the U.S. was itself a developing country. U.S. statutes since 1790 protected the copyrights of American citizens, but until 1891 deemed the works of foreign citizens to be in the public domain. In 1891, the laws were changed to allow foreigners to obtain copyright protection in the United States if certain conditions were met. Thus, this episode in American history provides us with a convenient way of investigating the consequences of international copyright piracy. My analysis is based on copyright registrations, information on authors, book titles and prices, financial data from the accounts of a major publishing company, and lawsuits regarding copyright questions. These data are used to investigate the welfare effects of widespread infringement of foreign works on American publishers, writers, and the public. The results suggest that the United States benefited from piracy and that the choice of copyright regime was endogenous to the level of economic development. | ||
+ | |Authentic Link=http://www.nber.org/papers/w10271 | ||
|Link=http://www.nber.org/papers/w10271.pdf | |Link=http://www.nber.org/papers/w10271.pdf | ||
|Reference=Li, MacGarvie, Moser (2014) | |Reference=Li, MacGarvie, Moser (2014) | ||
Line 20: | Line 23: | ||
|FundamentalIssue=1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare, 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) | |FundamentalIssue=1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare, 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) | ||
|EvidenceBasedPolicy=A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) | |EvidenceBasedPolicy=A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) | ||
− | |Discipline=Law and | + | |Discipline=K: Law and Economics, O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital |
− | |||
|Intervention-Response=- Copyright policy interventions can favour individual countries but the effect on the global economy as a whole is uncertain. | |Intervention-Response=- Copyright policy interventions can favour individual countries but the effect on the global economy as a whole is uncertain. | ||
- Interventions on IP rights have a differentiable effect on the various classes of publications, suggesting that IP policies can be different from class to class. | - Interventions on IP rights have a differentiable effect on the various classes of publications, suggesting that IP policies can be different from class to class. | ||
+ | |Description of Data=The author's analysis is based on copyright registrations, information on authors, book titles and prices, financial data from the accounts of a major publishing company, and lawsuits regarding copyright questions. | ||
+ | This description of the dataset is extracted from the paper's abstract and the other does not expand on any other aspects of it (such as size or time period) anywhere else in the paper. | ||
+ | |Data Year=Not stated | ||
+ | |Data Type=Secondary data | ||
+ | |Data Source=Multiple unspecified printers and publishers in the United States; | ||
+ | |Method of Collection=Quantitative Collection Methods, Quantitative data/text mining, Qualitative Collection Methods, Archival Research | ||
+ | |Method of Analysis=Regression Analysis | ||
+ | |Industry=Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing; | ||
+ | |Country=United States; | ||
+ | |Cross-country=No | ||
+ | |Comparative=No | ||
+ | |Government or policy=No | ||
+ | |Literature review=No | ||
+ | |Funded By=Bowdoin College; UCLA School of Law; | ||
+ | |Method=Quantitative analysis, Regression analysis | ||
|Data=Financial accounts of a major publishing company, book titles and prices, and biographical information on some 750 authors | |Data=Financial accounts of a major publishing company, book titles and prices, and biographical information on some 750 authors | ||
|PlainTextProposition=- The evidence from the regressions does not support the notion that American books were suffering from competition with cheaper foreign books. - Only for some classes of publications the majority of books in the US were written by Americans. - There is a gradual decline over time in the role of foreign authorship, between 1790 and 1829, two thirds of all authors of fiction bestsellers were foreign, a discrete change in relative success of American writers occurred after the 1830s. By the early twentieth century Americans comprised the majority of best-selling authors in this country. This fall over time in the fraction of foreign authorship may have been due to a natural evolutionary process, or may have been caused by the change in the copyright laws. - The extend of the influence of copyright reforms on the propensity for Americans to become professional authors, depends on the class of publications. - Evidence does not support that writers were discouraged from choosing authorship as a career by the lack of international copyright protection. - According to regression results publishers' profits are not harmed by the lack of legal copyright. | |PlainTextProposition=- The evidence from the regressions does not support the notion that American books were suffering from competition with cheaper foreign books. - Only for some classes of publications the majority of books in the US were written by Americans. - There is a gradual decline over time in the role of foreign authorship, between 1790 and 1829, two thirds of all authors of fiction bestsellers were foreign, a discrete change in relative success of American writers occurred after the 1830s. By the early twentieth century Americans comprised the majority of best-selling authors in this country. This fall over time in the fraction of foreign authorship may have been due to a natural evolutionary process, or may have been caused by the change in the copyright laws. - The extend of the influence of copyright reforms on the propensity for Americans to become professional authors, depends on the class of publications. - Evidence does not support that writers were discouraged from choosing authorship as a career by the lack of international copyright protection. - According to regression results publishers' profits are not harmed by the lack of legal copyright. | ||
|Fundamental Issue=3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors), 1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare | |Fundamental Issue=3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors), 1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare | ||
|Evidence Based Policy=A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) | |Evidence Based Policy=A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |Dataset={{Dataset | ||
+ | |Sample Size=Not stated | ||
+ | |Level of Aggregation=Multiple mixed aspects of the publishing process, | ||
+ | |Data Material Year=1790-1920 | ||
+ | }} | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 15:51, 23 August 2015
Contents
Source Details
Khan (2004) | |
Title: | Does Copyright Piracy Pay? The Effects of US International Copyright Laws on the Market for Books, 1790-1920 |
Author(s): | Khan, B. Z. |
Year: | 2004 |
Citation: | Khan, B. Z. (2004). Does Copyright Piracy Pay? The Effects of US International Copyright Laws on the Market for Books, 1790-1920 (No. w10271). National Bureau of Economic Research. |
Link(s): | Definitive , Open Access |
Key Related Studies: | |
Discipline: | |
Linked by: | Flynn, Giblin and Petitjean (2019) |
About the Data | |
Data Description: | The author's analysis is based on copyright registrations, information on authors, book titles and prices, financial data from the accounts of a major publishing company, and lawsuits regarding copyright questions.
This description of the dataset is extracted from the paper's abstract and the other does not expand on any other aspects of it (such as size or time period) anywhere else in the paper. |
Data Type: | Secondary data |
Secondary Data Sources: | |
Data Collection Methods: | |
Data Analysis Methods: | |
Industry(ies): | |
Country(ies): | |
Cross Country Study?: | No |
Comparative Study?: | No |
Literature review?: | No |
Government or policy study?: | No |
Time Period(s) of Collection: |
|
Funder(s): |
|
Abstract
Does the lack of international copyrights benefit or harm developing countries? I examine the effects of U.S. copyright piracy during a period when the U.S. was itself a developing country. U.S. statutes since 1790 protected the copyrights of American citizens, but until 1891 deemed the works of foreign citizens to be in the public domain. In 1891, the laws were changed to allow foreigners to obtain copyright protection in the United States if certain conditions were met. Thus, this episode in American history provides us with a convenient way of investigating the consequences of international copyright piracy. My analysis is based on copyright registrations, information on authors, book titles and prices, financial data from the accounts of a major publishing company, and lawsuits regarding copyright questions. These data are used to investigate the welfare effects of widespread infringement of foreign works on American publishers, writers, and the public. The results suggest that the United States benefited from piracy and that the choice of copyright regime was endogenous to the level of economic development.
Main Results of the Study
- The evidence from the regressions does not support the notion that American books were suffering from competition with cheaper foreign books.
- Only for some classes of publications the majority of books in the US were written by Americans.
- There is a gradual decline over time in the role of foreign authorship, between 1790 and 1829, two thirds of all authors of fiction bestsellers were foreign, a discrete change in relative success of American writers occurred after the 1830s. By the early twentieth century Americans comprised the majority of best-selling authors in this country. This fall over time in the fraction of foreign authorship may have been due to a natural evolutionary process, or may have been caused by the change in the copyright laws.
- The extend of the influence of copyright reforms on the propensity for Americans to become professional authors, depends on the class of publications.
- Evidence does not support that writers were discouraged from choosing authorship as a career by the lack of international copyright protection.
- According to regression results publishers' profits are not harmed by the lack of legal copyright.
Policy Implications as Stated By Author
- Copyright policy interventions can favour individual countries but the effect on the global economy as a whole is uncertain.
- Interventions on IP rights have a differentiable effect on the various classes of publications, suggesting that IP policies can be different from class to class.
Coverage of Study
Datasets
Sample size: | Not stated"Not stated" is not a number. |
Level of aggregation: | Multiple mixed aspects of the publishing process |
Period of material under study: | 1790-1920 |