Kinnally, Lacayo, Mcclung and Sapolsky (2008)

From Copyright EVIDENCE

Advertising Architectural Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing Programming and broadcasting Computer programming Computer consultancy Creative, arts and entertainment Cultural education Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities

Film and motion pictures Sound recording and music publishing Photographic activities PR and communication Software publishing Video game publishing Specialised design Television programmes Translation and interpretation

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness)

Source Details

Kinnally, Lacayo, McClung and Sapolsky (2008)
Title: Getting up on the download: college students' motivations for acquiring music via the web
Author(s): Kinnally, W., Lacayo, A., McClung, S. R., Sapolsky, B.
Year: 2008
Citation: Kinnally, W., Lacayo, A., McClung, S., & Sapolsky, B. (2008). Getting up on the download: college students' motivations for acquiring music via the web. New Media & Society, 10(6), 893-913.
Link(s): Definitive , Open Access
Key Related Studies:
Discipline:
Linked by:
About the Data
Data Description: Field survey data from questionnaires completed by 565 of 630 entry-level communication class students (63% female) from a broad range of majors, at a large state university and a community college in south-east USA, 2003-04. Respondents received course credit or extra credit for their participation.
Data Type: Primary data
Secondary Data Sources:
Data Collection Methods:
Data Analysis Methods:
Industry(ies):
Country(ies):
Cross Country Study?: No
Comparative Study?: No
Literature review?: No
Government or policy study?: No
Time Period(s) of Collection:
  • Sep 2003 to Jan 2004
Funder(s):
  • None

Abstract

The objective of this study is to understand the gratifications behind music downloading among college students, and examine how the gratifications along with music interest are associated with a variety of downloading-related activities. The results suggest that the process of downloading music files is an entertaining and convenient way to acquire music. The downloading motives were not linked significantly to filesharing (uploading as well as downloading music). However, entertainment/pass time, convenience/economic utility and information-seeking factors and experience were predictors of building a library of music on one’s computer. Males reported having more songs stored in their computers than females and were more likely to burn compilation compact discs (CDs) with the music files they downloaded. Affinity for music was not associated significantly with any of the downloading activities examined, but was positively associated with CD purchasing.

Main Results of the Study

Five factors have been identified that are significant to college students’ motives for downloading music from the web:# Entertainment / pass time# Convenience / economic utility# Information seeking# Storage utility# Social interaction.For these respondents, there is significant positive correlation between music affinity (the level of importance that a person places on music) and downloading motives for:* Entertainment / pass time* Information seeking* Social interaction.Entertainment / pass time, convenience / economic utility and information-seeking factors, together with downloading experience, are predictors of building a library of music on one’s computer.Downloading motives are not linked significantly to filesharing (uploading as well as downloading music).Males were more likely to:# Have more downloaded music stored on their computer# Burn compilation compact discs (CDs) from download music files.Affinity for music was not associated significantly with any of the downloading activities examined, but was positively associated with CD purchasing.

Policy Implications as Stated By Author

There is an apparent need to distinguish between the characteristics and motivations of those who strictly download music and those who participate in a filesharing network (downloading and uploading).


Coverage of Study

Coverage of Fundamental Issues
Issue Included within Study
Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare
Green-tick.png
Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)?
Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors)
Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption)
Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media)
Green-tick.png
Coverage of Evidence Based Policies
Issue Included within Study
Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right)
Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction)
Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing)
Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability)
Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts)
Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness)
Green-tick.png

Datasets

Sample size: 565
Level of aggregation: University students
Period of material under study: None