Difference between revisions of "Wingrove, Korpas and Weisz (2011)"

From Copyright EVIDENCE
m (1 revision imported)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
{{MainSource
 
{{MainSource
|Dataset={{Dataset
 
|Sample Size=172
 
|Level of Aggregation=University students,
 
|Data Material Year=late 2003 and early 2004.
 
}}
 
 
|Source={{Source
 
|Source={{Source
 
|Name of Study=Wingrove, Korpas and Weisz (2011)
 
|Name of Study=Wingrove, Korpas and Weisz (2011)
Line 34: Line 29:
 
|Cross-country=No
 
|Cross-country=No
 
|Comparative=No
 
|Comparative=No
 +
|Government or policy=No
 +
|Literature review=No
 +
}}
 +
|Dataset={{Dataset
 +
|Sample Size=172
 +
|Level of Aggregation=University students,
 +
|Data Material Year=2003-2004.
 
}}
 
}}
 
}}
 
}}

Revision as of 11:38, 8 October 2016

Advertising Architectural Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing Programming and broadcasting Computer programming Computer consultancy Creative, arts and entertainment Cultural education Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities

Film and motion pictures Sound recording and music publishing Photographic activities PR and communication Software publishing Video game publishing Specialised design Television programmes Translation and interpretation

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness)

Source Details

Wingrove, Korpas and Weisz (2011)
Title: Why Were Millions of People Not Obeying the Law? Motivational Influences on Non-Compliance with the Law in the Case of Music Piracy
Author(s): Wingrove, T., Korpas, A. L., Weisz, V.
Year: 2011
Citation: Wingrove, T., Korpas, A. L. and Weisz, V. 2011. Why Were Millions of People Not Obeying the Law? Motivational Influences on Non-Compliance with the Law in the Case of Music Piracy. Psychology Crime and Law, 17, 261-276.
Link(s): Open Access
Key Related Studies:
Discipline:
Linked by:
About the Data
Data Description: We collected data in late 2003 and early 2004 (n=172), from a sample of undergraduate student (56.4% freshman, 27.2% sophomore, 11.1% junior, and 5.3% senior). The sample was predominantly female (69.5%) and predominantly white (92.6%).
Data Type: Primary data
Secondary Data Sources:
Data Collection Methods:
Data Analysis Methods:
Industry(ies):
Country(ies):
Cross Country Study?: No
Comparative Study?: No
Literature review?: No
Government or policy study?: No
Time Period(s) of Collection:
  • late 2003 and early 2004.
Funder(s):

Abstract

Despite highly publicized efforts by the music industry to curb music piracy, Millions of Americans continued to illegally download and share music. This study obtained college student responses to scenarios that measured perceptions of three types of music theft: shoplifting a CD, illegally downloading, and illegally downloading plus file sharing. The students also reported their own recent downloading behavior, completed a demographics questionnaire, and responded to a series of statements that assessed their attitudes regarding factors associated with legal compliance in other domains. The data indicated that students viewed downloading and file sharing very differently than they viewed shoplifting in terms of endorsement of reasons to comply with laws prohibiting those behaviors. Further, concerns regarding punishment (i.e. deterrence), morality beliefs, and generalized obligation to obey the rule of law had the strongest relationships to self-reported downloading behavior. Respect for the music industry had the weakest relationship to legal compliance with both responses to the scenarios and students’ self-report of their own downloading behavior.

Main Results of the Study

Results:

  • College students endorsed several measured compliance factors more strongly in the case of shoplifting than in the cases of music downloading and sharing.
  • The results of this study suggest that desire to avoid punishment is strongly linked to compliance with music piracy laws.
  • Participants endorsed deterrence motivation less strongly for downloading and sharing than for shoplifting, the construct was still strongly related to self-reported personal downloading frequency.
  • Avoidance of punishment, increased belief that downloading is immoral, and a generalized notion that one should obey the law were strong motivators of decreased downloading frequency
  • There was a significant main effect for the type of music theft between-subjects effects were significant for four of the five compliance factors deterrence, morality, social influence and obligation to obey the law.

Policy Implications as Stated By Author

Implications:

  • The finding in this study that fear of penalties was strongly related to downloading behavior may provide the music industry with some support for the approach of highly publicized lawsuits in order to decrease illegal file-sharing.



Coverage of Study

Coverage of Fundamental Issues
Issue Included within Study
Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare
Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)?
Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors)
Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption)
Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media)
Green-tick.png
Coverage of Evidence Based Policies
Issue Included within Study
Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right)
Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction)
Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing)
Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability)
Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts)
Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness)
Green-tick.png

Datasets

Sample size: 172
Level of aggregation: University students
Period of material under study: 2003-2004.