Browse data: Studies

; Adermon, A. Aguiar, L. Aguilar, A. Ahn, I. Al-Rafee, S. Altschuller, S. Amees, M. Andrés, A. R. Antelman, K. Arendt, J. Asongu, S. Athey, S. Aufderheide, P. Australian Law Reform Commission Bae, S. H. Baker, M. Band, J. Banks, J. Bar-Ziv, S. Bechtold, S. Beebe, B. Belleflamme, P. Bellégo, C. Benbunan-Fich, R. Bently, L. Bergquist, K Bezmen, T. L. Bieze, K. Björk, B. Bosworth, D. Boyles, J. Branstetter, L. G. Brauneis, R. Brooks, T. Bruckman, A. Buccafusco, C. Butler, B. Cabell, D. Calzada, J. Castro, I. Cave, M. Charles River Associates Cheliotis , G Chen, S. Chen, Y-N. Chen, Y. Chiou, L. Choi, J. P. Claussen, J. Cohen, W. M. Condry, I. Corbett, S. Cotropia, C. A. Cox, A. Cox, K. Cronan, T. P. Cuadrado-García, M. Cunningham, B. Cuntz, A Danaher, B. David, P. A. De Nijs, R. De Rosnay, M. D. Deazley, R. Deegan, M. Deloitte Depken, C. A. Depoorter, B. Derclaye, E. Dhanasobhon, S. DiCola, P. C. Dickson, M. Dimita, G. Dootson, P. Dryden, J. EY Elkin-Koren, N. Erickson, K. Ernst & Young LLP European Commission European Union Intellectual Property Office Fan, Y. Favale, M. Fesuton, J. Fiesler, C. Fisman, R. Fitzgerald, B. Fleming, P. Foley, C. F. Ford, G. S. Frosio, G. F. Fryxell, G. Garcia-Bardidia, R. Garstka, K. Gerafi, J. Ghose, A. Giblin, R. Gibson, J. Gil, J. Gilbert, D. Givon, M. Graham, R. Green, T. Grönlund, M. Guadamuz, A. Guibault, L. Haefliger, S. Hammond, R. Handke, C. Harbaugh, R. Harkai, I. Heald, P. J. Heinink, L. Herweg, S. Hester Wijminga Hudson, E. Hui, K. L. Humphreys, S. Hviid, M. Ibosiola, D. Ilevbare, F. M. Intellectual Property Office Jacques, S. Jang, J. Jaszi, P. Javorcik, B. S. Johnson, P. Johnson, W. R. Joost Poort Julian Kolev Jäger, P. Kantar Media Karaganis, J. Kariithi, N. K. Katzenbach, C. Kennedy, J. Kenyon, A. Khan, B. Z. Khemka, R. Korn, N. Kretschmer, M. Kretschmer, T. Ku, R. S. R. Kumari, M. Lampe, C. Langlais, P. C. Lee, E. Lee, H. K. Lemley, M. A. Liang, C. Y. Liebowitz, S. J. Lindgren, S. Liu, J. Long, X. Ma, L. Machado, F. S. Madnick, S. E. Mahajan, V. Margolis, S. E. Marije van der Jagt Masur, J. S. Mateus, A. M. Mendis, D. Merz, J. F. Mezei, P. Michel, N. J. Miller, H. Mobius, M. Montgomery, A. Montoro-Pons, J. D. Moores, T. T. Moreno, J. Morrison, C. Mortimer, J. H. Muller, E. Mustonen, M. Nagaraj, A. Nau, J. P. Nelson, R. R. Nera Economic Consulting Nosko, C. Noto La Diega, G. Oberholzer-Gee, F. Office of Harmonization in the Internal Market Office of the United States Trade Representative Oliar, D. Pal, J. Patterson, K. Peacemaker, B. Peha, J. M. Peitz, M. Pelletier, C. Petitjean, F. Peukert, C. Picard, R. G. Piolatto, A. Png, I. P. Pollock, R. PricewaterhouseCoopers Pritcher, L. Puttitanun, T. Rappaport, E. Reeves, P. Remy, E. Sag, M. Savelkoul, R. Schofield, B. L. Schuett, F. Searle, N. Secchi, D. Secker, J. Sellman, C. Seng, D. Sepetys, K. Sepúlveda, R. Shafir, Z. Siegel, M. D. Silbey, J. Sinclair, G. Singh, P. Sinha, P. Sinha, R. K. Siwek, S. E. Smith, M. D. Sonmez, M. Sorensen, A. Stobo, V. Street, J. Stringhini, G. Strumpf, K. Strzelecki, A. Sun, J. Suzor, N. Teland, R. Telang, R. Terra, A. The European Patent Office and the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market The Intellectual Property Office Thomas, J. Thomes, T. P. Toivonen, T. E. Torremans, P. C. Touve, D. Troll Covey, D. Tucker, C. Tyson, G. Uhlig, S. Urban, J. M. Vacca, R. Vallbe, J. Van Roessel, L. Vanneste, S. Von Krogh, G. Waldfogel, J. Walker, R. Walsh, J. P. Wang, Q. H. Watson, S. J. Watt, R. Weatherall, K. Wendy A. Bradley Won, S. J. World Intellectual Property Organization Wouter Klomp Yang, D. Yoon, K. Yuan, M. Y. Zentner, A. Zhang, L. Zhu, H. Zizzo, D. J.

1985 (1) · 1993 (1) · 1995 (1) · 1998 (1) · 2000 (4) · 2002 (4) · 2003 (1) · 2004 (4) · 2005 (11) · 2006 (8) · 2007 (3) · 2008 (12) · 2009 (9) · 2010 (7) · 2011 (13) · 2012 (12) · 2013 (14) · 2014 (16) · 2015 (16) · 2016 (13) · 2017 (8) · 2018 (7) · 2019 (9) · 2020 (2) · 2021 (2) · 2022 (1) · 2023 (2)

; (Schultze & Mochalski 2009) ALCS 2007 Adermon and Liang (2014) Aguiar and Waldfogel (2016) Aguiar and Waldfogel (2018a) Akerlof et al (2002) Anderson (2006) Anderson (2009) Andre´s and Asongu (2013) Antelman (2004) Appel (1999) Arendt, Peacemaker and Miller (2018) Arnold (1999) Arnold (2007) Arnold (2015) Arrington (2010) Arsenault (2009) Asay (2019) Asongu, 2012b Astle and Muir (2002) Athey and Mobius (2012) Athey et al. (2011) Atkinson Roberts (2004) Aufderheide (2012) Aufderheide and Jaszi (2011) Aufderheide and Jaszi (2018) Auferheide, Jaszi, and Brown (2007) Auferheide and Jaszi (2011) Australian Law Reform Commission (2013) BASCAP (2011) BSA (2003) BSA Global Software Study (2014) Bae and Choi (2006) Baker and Cunningham (2006) Bakker (2005) Bakos, Marotta-Wurlger and Trossen (2009) Band (2013) Band and Gerafi (2013) Banerjee, Banerjee, and Raychaudhuri (2008) Banerjee, Khalid, and Sturm (2005) Banerjee, et al (2005) Banerjee (2003) Banks and Humphreys (2008) Barker (2013b) Bass and Bernett (1999) Beck (2012) Beebe (2006) Beebe (2008) Beebe (2014) Belleflamme and Pietz (2012) Benbunan-Fich (1998) Bender (1984) Bengoetxea (1993) Benkler (2005) Benko (1987) Bently and Biron (2014) Bergströmet al (2017) Bertoni and Montagnani (2015) Bertrand et al. (2004) Besen and Kirby (1989) Besen and Raskind (1991) Bessen and Maskin (2000) Bettig (1996) Beyer (1970) Bjork (2004) Blackburn (2004) Blackwell (2017) Bloch (2008) Boccafusco and Heald (2013) Boccafusco and Sprigman (2011) Boldrin and Levine (2008) Borghi, Maggiolino, Montagnani and Nuccio (2012) Bouldrin and Levine (2008) Bouldrin and Levine (2009) Boulton et al. (2012) Bowker (1988) Boyden (2011) Boyle (2008) Branstetter (2000) Brauneis (2014) Breyer (1970) Bruckman (2002) Brynjolfsson, Hu, and Simester (2011) Buccafusco and Heald (2012) Buccafusco and Heald (2013) Calzada and Gil (2016) Carpou (2016) Carroll (2004) Carubba (2008) Chapdelaine (2017) Chen and Png (2003) Chen and Waterman (2007) Chiang and Assane (2002) Chiou and Tucker (2011) Chiou and Tucker (2015) Coates et al (2009) Cohen and Walsh (1988) Cohen et al. (1988) Collins and Reiter (2006) Conner and Armitage (1998) Cook (2014) Coombe (2003) Cooper et al. (2005) Copling and Nossal (2001) Copyright Law Review Committee (2000) Corbett (2011) Cosovanu (2006) Cotropia and Gibson (2014) Cotropia and Gibson (2016) Covey (2005) Cramér et al. (2016) DICola and Sag (2012) Danaher, Dhanasobhon, Smith and Telang (2010) Danaher and Waldfogel (2008) Danaher et al. (2010) Danaher et al (2010) Darling and Perzanowski (2017) Dasgupta and David (1994) Datta et al (2017) Davison (1997) Deazley (2010) Dee & Evans (2003) Depken and Simmons (2004) Desai, Foley and Hines (2004) Dickson (2010) Dicola (2013) Diess (2002) Dryden (2008) EIFL (2013) Eliashberg, Elberse and Leenders (2006) Emre, Hortacsu, and Syverson (2005) Entman (2004) Erickson, Kretschmer and Mendis (2013) Erickson, Varini, Kretschmer and Hassani (2014) Erickson and Kretschmer (2018) Espinel (2010) European Audiovisual Observatory (2002) European Observatory on Infringement of IPRs (2015) Favale, Kretschmer and Torremans (2016) Ferreira and Waldfogel (2013) Fiesler (2013) Fiesler and Bruckman (2014) Filippov (2014) Fillipov (2014) Fishbein and Ajzen (1980) Fisk (2003) Froschauer (2008) Gantz and Rochester (2005) Garner (2005) Garon and Ziff (2011) Gayer and Shy (2006) Ghose, Smith, and Telang (2006) Giblin and Weatherall (2015) Giblin et al. (2018) Giblin et al. (2019) Ginarte and Park (1997) Ginsburg (1995) Gladney (1999) Goldfarb et al. (2015) Gomez Herrera and Martens (2014) Gopal, Bhattacharjee and Sanders (2006) Gopal and Sanders (1997) Gopal and Sanders (1998) Gottlieb (2011) Gowers (2006) Granger (2004) Gray (2012) Gray (2015) Green, MacDonald and Rice (2009) Greenstein (2011) Hall and Wright (2008) Handke (2011) Handke and Towse (2007) Harbaugh and Khemka (2001) Hargreaves (2011) Hargreaves (2012) Hargreaves et al. (2014) Heald (2008) Heald (2008a) Heald (2014) Heald (2014a) Heald (2015) Heard (2008) Heath and Soll (1996) Heery (2005) Helpman (1993) Hilger et al. (2011) Hiller (2016) Hinduja (2006) Hippel (2006) Hirtle (2006) Hoffman, Izenma, and Lidicker (2007) Hofstede (1991) Hofstede (2001) Hofstede and Hofstede (2005) Hong(2007) Hong 2004 Hu (2006) Hugenhaltz (2000) Hui and Png (2003) Husted (2000) IFPI (2013) IGDA (2003) IPO Online Copyright Infringement Tracker 1-5 ISI (2004) IVF (2013) Jaszi (2010) Johnstone (1985) Jones and Kavanagh (1996) Karaganis and Urban (2015) Karjala (1998) Katz (1988) Katz (2019) Katz and Shapiro (1985) Katz and Shapiro (1986) Kettler and Towse (2002) Khan (2001) Kretschmer (2005) Kretschmer and Hardwick (2007) La Croix and Konan (2008) Landes (2004) Landes and Posner (1989) Landes and Posner (2003) Larsson et al (2014) Lawrence (2001) Leadbeater and Miller (2004) Lee and Chyi (2015) Lee et al. (2009) Lemley (2004) Leonard and Cronan (2001) Lerner and Tirole (2002) Lesk (2004) Lessig (1998) Lessig (2004) Lessing (2004) Leval (1990) Levin et al. (1987) Li, MacGarvie, Moser (2014) Li and Zhang (2008) Liebowitz (1982) Liebowitz (1985) Liebowitz (2003) Liebowitz (2004) Liebowitz (2006a) Liebowitz (2006b) Liebowitz (2008) Liebowitz (2013) Liebowitz (2014) Liebowitz and Margolis (2004) Liebowitz and Margolis (2005) Liebowitz and Watt (2006) Liestner (2014) Light (2005) Litman (2001) Lobert et al (2015) Lorrain and Reda (2015) Luckerson (2012) Lunney (2014) MacIntyre (1981) Madison (2004) Mahajan et al. (1990) Manninen (2002) Manovich (2008) Mansfield (1995) Markusen (2000) Marron and Steel (2000) Marshall (2012) Maskus (2000) McCormick and Summers (1991) McGowan (2001) McLeod (2005) Merz and Pace (1994) Miceli and Adelstein (2006) Michel (2005) Miller (2012) Miller and Tucker (2011) Milton (1667) NERA 1999 Netanel (2011) Newell (2011) Nobre (2016) Novos and Waldman (1984) Novos and Wladman (1984) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2005) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2007) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2010) Oberholzer and Strumpf (2009) Ofcom Kantar survey Oheler (2004) Oliar, Pattison and Powell (2014) Oliar (2006) Oliar and Matich (2013) Oppenheim and Woodward (2004) Ordover and Willig (1978) Pallante (2013) Papadopoulos (2000) Park (2008) Parker (1992) Parker et al. (2019) Passman (2012) Patry (1995) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2004) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2006) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2006a) Perception study by the Observatory published in 2013 Pessach (2007) Pietz and Waelbroeck (2004) Pietz and Waelbroeck (2006) Pietz and Waelbroeck (2013) Plant (1934) Png (2006) Png and Wang (2006) Pollock (2006) Pollock (2007) Poor (2012) Poort and Weda (2015) Porter (2008) Postigo (2008) PricewaterhouseCoopers (2015) Priest and Klien (1984) Prosser (2003) Raman et al. (2018) Rappaport (1998) Raustiala and Sprigman (2006) Raustiala and Sprigman (2013) Rawsthorn (1997) Reese (2008) Reichmann and Okediji (2012) Reidenberg, Breaux, Cranor et al. (2015) Resinger (2012) Ricketson (2000) Rob and Waldfogel (2004) Rob and Waldfogel (2006) Rob and Waldfogel (2007) Robertson et al (2012) Rodriguez (2006) Rogers, Tomalin and Corrigan (2009) Rogers (2019) Rogers and Szamosszegi (2010) Rojek (2005) Rushing and Brown (1990) Ryan (1998) Sag (2012) Salganik, Dodds and Watts (2006) Sandoval (2009) Sawhney and Eliashberg (1996) Scerri (2007) Schiller (1791) Schofield and Urban (2015) Schumpeter (1934) Seng (2013) Seng (2014) Seng (2015) Shah and Tripsas (2007) Shapiro and Varian (1999) Shin (2004) Shoemaker and Vos (2009) Siegfried (2004) Sinai and Waldfogel (2004) Singh and Kretschmer (2012) Sissons and Spencer (2012) Sivan et al. (2019) Siwek, Stephen and Harold Furchgott-Roth (1991) Siwek (2002) Siwek (2004) Siwek (2007) Siwek (2013) Smit and Van Der Graaf (2012) Smith, Telang, and Zhang (2012) Smith and Telang (2009) Smith and Telang (2012) Soboleva (2003) Solomon and Bjork (2012) Stiglitz (1989) Stiles (2014) Stobo, Deazley and Anderson (2013) Stobo et al. (2017) Stratton (2011) Sultan et al. (1990) Swan (2010) Takeyama (1994) Takeyama (1997) Taylor (2002) Teece (1986) Terranova (2002) Terviö (2009) Thaler (1985) Thompson (2005) Thorpe (2004) Towse (1999) Towse (2000) Towse (2010) Tsai, Cranor, Egelman and Acquisti (2010) Tsai (2012) Urban, Karaganis and Schofield (2016) Urban, Karaganis and Schofield (2017a) Urban, Karaganis and Schofield (2017b) Urban and Heins (2007) Urban and Quilter (2006) Vaidhyanathan (2001) Van Hoecke (2015) Varian (2000) Vigon (2015) Vogel (2001) Vuopala (2010) WIPO (2003) Waldfogel (2010) Waldfogel (2012) Waldfogel (2014) Watt (2000) Watt (2010) Weaver (2007) White and Manton (2011) Wilkof (2007) Willinsky (2006) Wirtzburg (2017) World Bank (2008) Wotherspoon (2003) Yang and Chyi (2011) Yar (2008) Yoon (2001) Yoon (2002) Yoon (2007) Zavetoski (2002) Zentner (2005) Zentner (2006) Zhang (2012) Zhang et al (2017) Zhu (2007) Zimmerman (2011)

; A11: Role of Economics • Role of Economists • Market for Economists A12: Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines A13: Relation of Economics to Social Values A14: Sociology of Economics A1: General Economics A21: Pre-college A32: Collective Volumes A33: Handbooks A: General Economics and Teaching B41: Economic Methodology C01: Econometrics C12: Hypothesis Testing: General C13: Estimation: General C1: Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General C20: General C26: Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation C50: General C5: Econometric Modeling C63: Computational Techniques • Simulation Modeling D02: Institutions: Design; Formation; and Operations D03: Behavioral Microeconomics • Underlying Principles D10: General D12: Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D1: Household Behavior and Family Economics D23: Organizational Behavior • Transaction Costs • Property Rights D42: Monopoly D43: Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection D61: Allocative Efficiency • Cost–Benefit Analysis D7: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making D83: Search • Learning • Information and Knowledge • Communication • Belief D: Microeconomics E01: Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth • Environmental Accounts E02: Institutions and the Macroeconomy E2: Consumption; Saving; Production; Investment; Labor Markets; and Informal Economy F13: Trade Policy • International Trade Organizations F16: Trade and Labor Market Interactions F1: Trade F23: Multinational Firms • International Business F2: International Factor Movements and International Business F60: General F62: Macroeconomic Impacts F63: Economic Development G18: Government Policy and Regulation G38: Government Policy and Regulation I23: Higher Education • Research Institutions J22: Time Allocation and Labor Supply J30: General J3: Wages; Compensation; and Labor Costs K00: General K0: General K10: General K11: Property Law K12: Contract Law K14: Criminal Law K19: Other K1: Basic Areas of Law K20: General K23: Regulated Industries and Administrative Law K2: Regulation and Business Law K33: International Law K39: Other K3: Other Substantive Areas of Law K40: General K41: Litigation Process K42: Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law K4: Legal Procedure; the Legal System; and Illegal Behavior K: Law and Economics L00: General L10: General L11: Production; Pricing; and Market Structure • Size Distribution of Firms L12: Monopoly • Monopolization Strategies L13: Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets L15: Information and Product Quality • Standardization and Compatibility L17: Open Source Products and Markets L1: Market Structure; Firm Strategy; and Market Performance L22: Firm Organization and Market Structure L51: Economics of Regulation L5: Regulation and Industrial Policy L82: Entertainment • Media L86: Information and Internet Services • Computer Software L88: Government Policy L8: Industry Studies: Services L: Industrial Organization M2: Business Economics M37: Advertising M3: Marketing and Advertising M48: Government Policy and Regulation M52: Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects M59: Other M5: Personnel Economics O14: Industrialization • Manufacturing and Service Industries • Choice of Technology O30: General O31: Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives O32: Management of Technological Innovation and R&D O33: Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital O38: Government Policy O3: Technological Change • Research and Development • Intellectual Property Rights O57: Comparative Studies of Countries O: Economic Development; Technological Change; and Growth P52: Comparative Studies of Particular Economies Y10: Data: Tables and Charts Y80: Related Disciplines Z10: General Z11: Economics of the Arts and Literature Z13: Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology • Social and Economic Stratification Z1: Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology

Primary and Secondary data (33) · Primary data (62) · Secondary data (81)

; 1944-2012 ALCS survey 2007 ALCS survey 2015 AfDB (2012) Amazon.com Arbitron Artnet Athey & Mobius (2012) Australia Council study of practising professional artists (2003) Australian Bureau of Statistics (2013) Australian Bureau of Statistics (2014) Australian Economic Indicators (2008) Australian Law Reform Commission (2013) Austrian composers report (1993) BPI BiB TV Programming Source Book BigChampagne Billboard Chart Bing transparency report BitTorrent protocol of all torrents between 2004 and 2013 Blog posts Booksinprint.com Boxofficemojo.com Bundesverband der Phonographischen Wirtschaft Bureau of Labor Statistics Business Software Alliance Business Software Alliance (2010) CDBaby CNC COMPUSTAT CPA (2002) CRS CcMixter Chilling Effects (Lumen) Chilling Effects repository Chiou & Tucker (2011) CitiGroup Clarivate Web of Science Communication and Mass Media Companies’ SEC annual report filings Consumer Expenditure Survey Copyright Levies Reform Alliance Copyright Office Electronic Catalog Copyright renewal records Creative & Cultural Skills UK Current Population Survey DACS study 2011 DG Trade: Market Access Database Data.gov.uk Digital Citizen Project Digital Music Times Discogs.com Dun and Bradstreet EBRD Foreign Investment Survey ECJ EMusic EconLit Erickson, Kretschmer and Mendis (2013) European Commission Eurostat Eurostat Labour Force Survey Eurostat Structural Business Survey Existing academic literature FICIX Federal Communication Commission Film Index International Financial data from COMPUSTAT’s Fundamental Annuals Finnish music business study (2003) Fraser Institute GMID German Tax Data GfK Entertainment Gigaom Analysis (2014) Global Market Information Database Google Transparent Report Google Trends Google transparency report Hitwise Huang et al. (2013) IFPI IFPI (2011) IFPI (2013) IMDb IMDbPro ITunes InfoUSA Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System International Federation of the Phonographic Industry 2000 International Planning Research Corporation International Planning and Research Corporation 2000 International Telecommunication Union Justwatch.com KEA (2012) Kinomatics project Künstlersozialkasse insurance data Lee & Chyi (2015) LexisNexis Literature review Lumen Lunney (2014) MCC Report Major Record Company Sales Data Market Analysis Information Database Menéame Boycott (2014) Miller, P (2012) Thinking about Open Data, With a Little Help from the Data Hub. Cloud of Data Mininova Moody's Movie2k.to MusicBrainz Musicians and the Internet (2004) Muso Médiamétrie NACE classification NIX Natioanal Statistics Offices National Music Publishers Association National studies NetView Netnod Newspaper articles Nielsen Nielsen Media Research Nielsen SoundScan Nokia OECD (GDP) OECD Reports OFCOM statistics OTA (1986) Overdrive PRODCOM Pew Internet Project Pew Study of American Artists Phonolog data base Pollstar PsychInfo Publishers Weekly Publishersweekly Quantitative-empirical literature based on economic theory Quantitative Survey Data Quora RIAA RIAJ Rentrak Revenue data Review of Existing Academic and Industries Literature SHERPA institutional repository list ScreenDaily.com SimilarWeb Society of Authors Sony SoundScan Study of self-employed German authors and artists (2006) Swedish Film Institute Tax Foundation The Directory of Open Access Repositories The United States Supreme Court Judicial Database Thomson One Banker Database Ticknor and Fields Publishing Tmdb TuneCore Twitter Twitter transparency report U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Copyright Registrations UK IPO UNESCO Statistical Yearbook USPTO US Copyright Office US Federal Court Decisions US Patent and Trademark Office United States Federal Courts United States Patent and Trademark Office website Various Various music magazines and websites Vcdquality.com Vimeo transparency report Vivendi WAN-IFRA Database WIPO WIPO (1989) WIPO (2008) WIPO (2014) WIPO Lex Ward's Westlaw Wired Magazine World Bank World Bank's World Development Indicators World Development Indicators CD-ROM World Governance Indicator Project World Income Inequality Database World Telecommunication/Information and Communication Technologies Indicators Worldscope XBox.com YOUNISON Yahoo movies Yang & Chyi (2011) Yo Yo Games Store YouTube ‘2000 Global Software Piracy Report’, conducted by International Planning and Research Corporation (IPR) for the Business Software Alliance (BSA) and Software and Information Industry Association (SIIA).

Archival Research · Case Study · Document Research · Ethnography · Experimental (Field) · Experimental (Laboratory) · Experimental (Natural) · Focus Groups · Historical Methods · Life History · Longitudinal Study · Participant Observation · Qualitative Collection Methods · Qualitative content/text mining · Quantitative Collection Methods · Quantitative data/text mining · Semi-Structured Interview · Snowball sampling · Structured Interview · Survey Research (qualitative; e.g. consumer preferences) · Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting) · Unstructured Interview · Web analytic (online user trace data) · Other · None

Cluster analysis (8) · Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) (2) · Correlation and Association (41) · Descriptive statistics (counting; means reporting; cross-tabulation) (69) · Discourse Analysis (8) · Ethnographic/narrative analysis (5) · Grounded Theory (3) · Legal Analysis (32) · Meta-Analysis (3) · Multivariate Statistics (14) · Qualitative Analysis Methods (46) · Qualitative Coding / Sorting (e.g. of interview data) (20) · Quantitative Analysis Methods (96) · Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) (81) · Regression Analysis (41) · Social Network Analysis (2) · Structural Equation Modeling (8) · Textual Content Analysis (37) · Triangulation (1) · Visual / Other Content Analysis (3)

; Africa Argentina Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Canada Caribbean Netherlands Chile China Colombia Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic England Estonia Europe European Union Finland France Germany Global Greece Honduras Hong Kong Hungary India Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Japan Latvia Lithuania Malaysia Mauritius Mexico Netherland New Zealand Nigeria Norway Pakistan Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Russian Federation Saudi Arabia Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand The Netherlands Turkey Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Unknown Venezuela Zimbabwe

No (106) · Yes (76)

No (127) · Yes (55)

No (158) · Yes (18)

No (156) · Yes (20)

; * Random Sample of Feasibility: 1999 to 2001 * The Posner Memorial Collection 2001 to 2004 * The Million Book Project 2003 to 2005 1 January 2015 - 31 December 2017 1 January 2017 - 31 December 2017 1 October 2018 – 30 April 2019 14 April 2018 15 May 2018 16 March - 16 May 2016 17 July 2017 1890 - 1964 1910 to 1960 1922-1941 1975–2000 1977 to 1984 1978 - 15 January 2018 1978 to 2005 1978-2000 1978-2012 1982 - 1999 1984 - 2013 1984 to 1999 1984 to 2006 1985-2005 1989 to 2005 1989 to 2008 1989-1994 199-2000 1990-2000 1991 to 2007 1991-2002 1991-2007 1992-2014 1993-2004 1994 1994-2014 1996-2005 1997 to 2000 1997-2008 1998 to 2012 1998-2002 1998-2003 1998-2009 1998-2018 1999 to 2015 1999-2000 1999-2006 2000,2005, and 2013 2000-2006 2000-2012 2001 to 2003 2001-2002 2002 2002 - 2014 2002 to 2007 2002 to 2008 2002-2007 2003 2003-2004 2003-2007 2003-2012 2003-2013 2004 to 2005 2004 to 2009 2004 to 2011 2004 to 2014 2004-2005 2005 2005 to 2006 2005 to 2008 2006 to 2010 2006 to 2011 2006-2009 2007 2007 to 2008 2007 to 2009 2007-2008 2007-2011 2007-2012 2008 2008 to 2009 2008 to 2014 2008-2011 2009 2009 - 2012 2009-2011 2010 2010-2011 2011 2011 - 2015 2011 to 2012 2011-2012 2011-2015 2012 2012 to 2013 2012-2013 2013 2013-2014 2014 2014-2015 2014-2016 2015 2015-2019 2016 21-28 October 2016 9-30 November 2018 April 2004 - July 2004 April 2007 April 2009 December 2016 January 1992 – June 2012 January 2012 January 2017 January 2022 to May 2022 July 2012 June 2008 June to September 2009 May - October 2013 Mid-1980s No data Not Stated Not specified Not stated October 2013 Pre 1990 Prior to 2007 September 2002 - March 2003 Six weeks from 29 May to 10 July 2015 Spring 2013 Spring 2014 Unstated. Until 2012

; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Amedeo Piolatto acknowledges financial support from IVIE, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant ECO2009-12680), the Barcelona GS Research Network and the Generalitat de Catalunya (Grant 2009 SGR 102). Auckland Council Libraries Australian Copyright Council Australian Research Council projects LP160100387, FT170100011 and DE170100037 Australian Research Council via projects LP160100387, FT170100011 and DE170100037 Authors’ Licensing & Collecting Society (ALCS) Bowdoin College Brisbane City Council Libraries Bruce Miller CREATe CREATe, AHRC Grant Number AH/K000179/1 Center for Global Partnership Center for the Analysis of Property Rights and Innovation (CAPRI) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Comissioned for and sponsored by the National Recording Preservation Board, Library of Congress Commonwealth of Australia Congressional Research Service Deloitte Department of International Trade, Chungnam National University EUIPO Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) (grant RES-173-27-0220) European Commision European Commission European Grouping of Societies of Authors and Composers FCT – Portuguese Foundation of Science and Technology project UID/GES/00407/2013. George F. Baker Foundation Gold Coast Libraries Google Inc. H2020 reCreating Europe Hampshire Library Service Hellen Posner Henry Posner jr. I-CORE Program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee IPO Intellectual Property Office International Intellectual Property Alliance Israeli Internet Association JISC Kenan Faculty Fund Microsoft Research Million Book Project NBER Innovation Policy Group and NET Institute National Science Foundation National University of Singapore through the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 1 National and State Libraries Australia Naval Academy Research Council Grant None Not Specified Not Stated Not stated Office of the United States Trade Representative Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation Research Councils UK Research Innovation Grant Robert William University Research Foundation St Mary’s County Library The Creators’ Rights Alliance The Finnish Academy The Leverhulme Trust The National Academies of the Sciences The Office for Harmonization in the Internal market The Sloan Foundation The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for the doctoral fellowship and the Association of Colleges and Research Libraries for the Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship that covered the costs of data collection. The Spanish Association of Publishers of Periodical Publications (Asociación Española de Editoriales de Publicaciones Periódicas) The author gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the New Zealand Law Foundation for this research project. The authors acknowledge the George Mason University’s Center for the Protection of Intellectual Property and its Leonardo da Vinci Research The second author has benefited from the visit to the Institute of Innovation Research of Hitotsubashi University, whose generous provision of research opportunity is gratefully acknowledged This Report was prepared for APRA AMCOS, PPCA, Copyright Agency│Viscopy, Foxtel, News Corp Australia and Screenrights. This research is an ESRC, AHRC and IPO funded research project in the form of a placement fellowship. The fellowship places the researcher (Dr. Searle) in the Economics, Research and Evidence Team at IPO offices in London. This work was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council (grant number RES-173- 27-0219). It occurred in conjunction with the Scottish Funding Council funded Moving Targets project. This research was funded in part by a PSCCUNY grant #67792-00-36 and a Doctoral Student Research Grant from the CUNY Graduate Center. This research was part of the multicountry research project 'Towards a Detente in Media Piracy' undertaken by the Association for Progressive Communications (ACP) and supported bu the Social Science Research Council (SSRC), New York UCLA School of Law University of Houston Law Center’s Institute for Intellectual Property & Information Law’s 2012-2013 Sponsored Scholarship Grant for the Legal Academy Vancouver Public Library WHO WIPO We 
thank 
the
 National
 Human 
Genome 
Research
 Initiative 
for 
a 
generous 
grant 
supporting 
this
 work World Intellectual Property Organization Yarra Plenty Regional Library Yarra Plenty Regional Library,Gold Coast Libraries de Thuiskopie the Australian Library and Information Association the KU Leuven PF program financing the state libraries of Western Australia South Australia and New South Wales the state libraries of Western Australia, South Australia and New South Wales ∗Support for this research by NBER’s Economics of Digitization and Copyright Initiative is gratefully acknowledged.

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare (115) · 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? (41) · 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) (25) · 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) (91) · 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media) (78)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) (60) · B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) (34) · C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) (23) · D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) (78) · E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) (22) · F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness) (81)

1 - 3 (26) · 3 - 30 (40) · 30 - 110 (29) · 110 - 400 (25) · 400 - 2,000 (32) · 2,000 - 60,000,000 (32)

; Academic article Advertisements Album Articles Artist Australian copyright industries Blog posts Book prices Books Case Studies Case Study Case study Cases Company Concerts Copyright Law Suits Copyright enforcement models Copyright enforcement systems Copyright registrations Copyright systems Country Court cases Creative industries Creators Cultural Heritage Institutions Cultural Institution Staff DVD sales reports Digital Sales in 6 European Music Markets Digitised Book Collections Documents Domains Economic indicators Economic model Economic theory-based academic papers related to copyright Enforcement of copyright models Federal Judgement Opinions Files Film Firm Firms Focus group Focus of the study is the domestic market for recorded music in the USA. Forum posts Hour IXP traffic reports Individual Individual Responses Individual Staff Individual data Individuals Industry Instructors International Recording Industry Interview Journalists Journals Literary authors Microsoft users Models for database creation Models of copying Monthly data shipment units Movie Theatre ticket sales reports Movies Music critics' rankings Music sales data Music services Music streaming services Musical compositions News Websites News articles Observations Open Source Software Open and closed development models Out-of-print books P2P communication events Piracy data Price observations Price units Profit margin units Publications Publishers Questionnaire Recording Artists Socio-economic variables Software Users Song Sound recordings Stakeholders Studies Systems of fair use in copyright TV Episodes Takedown complaints Takedown requests Tweets Two types of costs associated with piracy U.S. federal court decisions University students Videos Website visits Websites Wikipedia webpages Work made for hire cases Years Years of sales data authors book titles case study composers and lyricists copyright enforcement models countries court records digital music sales reports economic models macro country level data music sales reports publications per country per year songs takedown requests user-generated music video parodies years

; 1 January 2011 – 31 December 2015 1 October 2018 – 30 April 2019 1790-1920 1832-1858 1870-2006 1890 and 1964 1910 to 1960 1913-32 1914-1947 1922-1941 1930-2009 1956-59 and from 1963-66 1960-2010 1973 to 2003 1974-81 and 1983-86 1975 to 2000 1977 to 1984 1978 to 2005 1981 to 2001 1982-1999 1984 to 1999 1984 to 2013 1984-2011 1985 to 2005 1986-1988 1986-2005 1989 to 2005 1989-1994 1989-2008 1989-2014 1990 to 2011 1990-2000 1991 - to 2007 1991-2002 1992-2012 1992-2014 1993-2004 1994 1994 to 2006 1994-2014 1996-2007 1997 to 2000 1997-2008 1998 - 2003 1998 to 2013 1998-2002 1998-2003 1998-2009 1999 1999 to 2015 1999-2001 1999-2005 2000 2000-2005 2000-2012 2001 to 2003 2001-2004 2002 2002 to 2004 2002 to 2008 2002-2006 2002-2007 2002-2014 2003-2004 2003-2005 2003-2007 2003-2012 2003-2013 2004 2004 to 2005 2004 to 2009 2004 to 2011 2004-2005 2004-2009 2005 2005 to 2006 2005 to 2008 2005 to 2009 2006 to 2011 2006-2009 2007 2007 to 2008 2007 to 2009 2007-2008 2007-2012 2008 2008 to 2009 2008 to 2014 2008-2011 2009 2009 to 2012 2009-2010 2009-2011 2010 2010-2011 2011 2011 to 2012 2011 to 2015 2011-2012 2012 2012 to 2013 2013 2014 2014-2015 2015 2016 31 December 2012 April 2007 January 1987-August 1992 June 2014-May 2015 Mid-1980s Not stated Prior to September 2009 Publications of NYT bestselling authors who died between 1973-1999 Reviewed by the New York Times Book Review (NYTBR) from 1978-84 Six weeks from 29 May to 10 July 2015 Usage of the Universities learn-management-system in 2012. january 2008

Advertising (2) · Architectural (2) · Computer programming (3) · Creative, arts and entertainment (41) · Cultural education (10) · Film and motion pictures (52) · Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities (12) · Photographic activities (9) · Programming and broadcasting (9) · Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing (58) · Software publishing (49) · Sound recording and music publishing (77) · Specialised design (3) · Television programmes (28) · Translation and interpretation (1) · Video game publishing (3)