Browse data: Studies

; Akester, P. Albinsson, S. Anderson, I. Andrés, A. R. Astle, P. BOP Consulting Banerjee, D. Bayus, B. L. Bonner, S. Brassell, M. Bryce, J. Buccafusco, C. Cantatore, F. Chandra, U. Chang, B. H. Chin, W. W. Claussen, J. Cohen, W. M. Danaher, B. Deazley, R. Dejean, S. Deloitte Depken, C. A. Derclaye, E. Dhanasobhon, S. DiCola, P. C. DotEcon Erickson, K. European Union Intellectual Property Office Evenson, R. Fast, A. A. Fauchart, E. Fetscherin, M. Frosio, G. F. Goel, S. Gomez, E. Goodridge, P. Goodyer, I. Graham, S. J. H. Guibault, L. Gunaji, S. Hagedoorn, J. Handke, C. Haskel, J. Heald, P. J. Homberg, F. Hossain, Z. Hudson, E. Hui, K. L. IHS Technology Intellectual Property Office Kanwar, S. Kelly, K. Kenyon, A. Khalid, A. M. Khalifa, M. Khang, H. Khaosaeng, K. Ki, E. J. Klimis, G. M. Korn, N. Kretschmer, M. Kretschmer, T. Kuo, C. C. Lai, M. Lemley, M. A. Liebowitz, S. J. Limayem, M. Mandel, G. N. Martens, B. Mateus, A. McHugh, R. J. Mendis, D. Merz, J. F. Miesing, P. Mitra-Kahn, B. Muir, A. Nelson, R. R. Nera Economic Consulting O'Higgins, E. Ohm, P. Olson, K. Peha, J. M. Peukert, C. Png, I. P. Poort, J. Pope, B. Pénard, T. Quintais, J. Ridder, A. K. Rieber-Mohn, T. Roquilly, C. Rutter, J. Schmid, M. Shafir, Z. Shankar, V. Sicker, D. Simmons, L. C. Smith, M. D. Somaya, D. Spoo, R. E. Stobo, V. Sturm, J. E. Suire, R. T.M.C. Asser Instituut/Asser International Sports Law Centre and the Institute for Information Law - University of Amsterdam Tanner, S. Tatum, M. L. Teland, R. Telang, R. Touve, D. Towse, R. Von Hippel, E. Vuopala, A. Waldfogel, J. Wallis, R. Walsh, J. P. Westkamp, G Widdows, R. World Intellectual Property Organization Zentner, A.

1984 (1) · 1985 (1) · 1999 (1) · 2000 (1) · 2001 (1) · 2002 (2) · 2003 (3) · 2004 (3) · 2005 (4) · 2006 (4) · 2007 (4) · 2008 (3) · 2009 (4) · 2010 (4) · 2011 (4) · 2012 (5) · 2013 (4) · 2014 (7) · 2015 (10) · 2016 (3) · 2019 (3) · 2021 (1)

; (Holm, 2000) Allen (1983) Allen (2009) Appel (1999) Armstrong (1990) Arora (1995) Asvanund, Clay, Krishnan and Smith (2004) Athey and Mobius (2012) Atkinson Roberts (2004) Ayris (1999) BOP (2010) Bai and Waldfogel 2010 Baldrica (2007) Baldwin and Taglioni (2006) Ballon and Westermann (2006) Bechtold (2002) Bechtold (2006) Belinfante and Johnson (1982) Benkler (1999) Benkler (2005) Bernstein (1992) Besen (1984) Besen and Kirby (1989) Bhattacharjee et al. (2003) Bjork (2004) Blackburn (2004) Boorstin (2004) Boulton et al. (2012) Bounie, Bourreau and Waelbroeck (2006) Buccafusco and Heald (2013) Buccafusco and Sprigman (2010) Buccafusco and Sprigman (2011) Buhse (2002) Burke (1996) Chamberlin, Clayton and Farooqui (2007) Cheng, Sims and Teegen (1997) Chesbrough (2003) Chiou and Tucker (2011) Chiou et al. (2005) Chiou et all (2005) Cohen, Nelson and Wash (2000) Cohen (2007) Cohen and Walsh (1988) Cohen et al. (1988) Collins (1973) Cope and Freeman (2001) Crews (2012) DICola and Sag (2012) Dahlander and Gann (2010) Danaher, Smith, Telang and Chen (2012) Danaher and Waldfogel (2008) David and Greenstein (1990) Davies (2002) De Dios Montoro Pons and Cuadrado Garcia (2008) De Vany and Walls (2007) Dryden (2008) EIFL (2013) Emre, Hortacsu, and Syverson (2005) Enkel, Gassmann and Chesbrough (2009) Envisional (2011) Evenson (1990) Fairfield (2005) Felten et al. (2001) Fetscherin (2003) Garner (2005) Garnett (2006) Garud and Kumaraswamy (1993) Gervais (2009) Glushko (2007) Goldstein (2001) Gomez, Martens and Waldfogel (2014) Goodridge and Haskel (2011) Gopal and Sanders (1997) Gopal and Sanders (1998) Gopal and Sanders (2000) Gordon (2001) Gould and Gruben (1996) Gowers (2006) Graham and Mowery (2006) Guibault et al (2007) HEDS (2002) Harabi (1995) Hargreaves (2011) Harris Interactive (2014) Heald, Erickson and Kretschmer (2015) Heald (2007) Heald (2009) Heald (2014a) Hill (1995) Hofstede (1997) Hovenkamp (1991) Hui and Png (2002) IFLA (2018) IFPI (2014) James and al. (1983) Johnson (1985) Kettler and Towse (2002) Kini, Ramakrishna and Vijayaraman (2003) Kranenburg and Hogenbirk (2005) Kretschmer, Bently, Singh and Cooper (2011) Krishnan, Smith, Tang and Telang (2007) Kuo and Hsu (2001) Landes and Posner (1989) Landes and Posner (2003) Langus et al. (2014) Lanjouw and Cockburn (2001) Lastowka (2008) Layton and Watters (2010) Lee (2001) Lee and Aaker (2004) Lee and Chyi (2015) Lerner (1994) Levin et al. (1987) Lichtenthaler and Ernst (2009) Liebowitz (2003) Liebowitz (2004) Liebowitz (2005) Liebowitz (2006a) Liebowitz (2008) Liebowitz (2010) Liebowitz (2013) Liebowitz (2014) Liebowitz and Margolis (1994) Light (2005) Lin et al. (2005) Litman (1996) Litman (2001) Marron and Steel (2000) Marshall (2004) Marshall (2012) Matthews (2000) Mazar and Ariely (2006) McGowan (2001) Merz and Pace (1994) Michel (2004) Morrison and Secker (2015) Nagaraj (2013) Nilsson (2015) None Cited Novos and Waldman (1984) OHIM (2013b) Oberholzer-Gee-Strumpf (2007) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2007) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2009) Oberholzer and Strumpf (2004) Ofcom Kantar survey Oheler (2004) Olson (1965) Olson and Shaw (2011) Owens and Akalu (2004) Pallante (2013) Papadopoulos (2003) Park and Ginarte (1997) Parry (1998) Passman (2012) Peacock & Weir (1975) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2004) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2006) Pessach (2007) Pietz and Waelbroeck (2004) Plant (1934) Pollock and Stepan (2010) Poort and Leenheer (2012) Poort et al (2018) Reichmann and Okediji (2012) Ricketson (2006) Rob and Waldfogel (2004) Rob and Waldfogel (2006) Rob and Waldfogel (2007) Rosamond (2002) Rose(1993) Rose (1988) Rothman and Salovey (1997) Samuelson (1994) Samuelson (2003) Sandvine (2009) Saunders (1992) Schwarz, Bless, Strack, Klumpp, and Simons (1991) Shaw, Li and Olson (2012) Shaw and Olson (2014) Shin, Gopal, Sanders and Whinston (2004) Shu et all (2009) Siegfried and Ashley (2006) Simmons (1999) Sinai and Waldfogel (2004) Siwek (2007) Smith and Telang (2009) Smith and Telang (2012) Sohn (2006) Stobo, Deazley and Anderson (2013) Strandbourg (2008) Takeyama (1994) Tanner (2004) Taylor & Towse (1998) Thong and Yap (1998) Todorova et al. (2017) Towse (2005) Towse (2006) Van der Ende et al. (2015) Vetulani (2008) Vuopala (2010) Wade (1995) Waldfogel (2010) Waldfogel (2012) Westbrook (2006) Willinsky (2006) Yang and Chyi (2011) Yen (2003) Zentner (2004) Zentner (2005) Zentner (2006) Zetner (2006) Zhang and Zhu (2010)

; A10: General A11: Role of Economics • Role of Economists • Market for Economists A12: Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines A14: Sociology of Economics A1: General Economics A21: Pre-college A22: Undergraduate A2: Economic Education and Teaching of Economics A32: Collective Volumes A33: Handbooks A: General Economics and Teaching C01: Econometrics D02: Institutions: Design; Formation; and Operations D11: Consumer Economics: Theory D23: Organizational Behavior • Transaction Costs • Property Rights D2: Production and Organizations D4: Market Structure and Pricing D83: Search • Learning • Information and Knowledge • Communication • Belief D: Microeconomics E01: Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth • Environmental Accounts E02: Institutions and the Macroeconomy H1: Structure and Scope of Government H41: Public Goods H4: Publicly Provided Goods H: Public Economics K0: General K11: Property Law K12: Contract Law K19: Other K1: Basic Areas of Law K2: Regulation and Business Law K42: Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law K: Law and Economics L0: General L11: Production; Pricing; and Market Structure • Size Distribution of Firms L14: Transactional Relationships • Contracts and Reputation • Networks L17: Open Source Products and Markets L1: Market Structure; Firm Strategy; and Market Performance L21: Business Objectives of the Firm L29: Other L2: Firm Objectives; Organization; and Behavior L42: Vertical Restraints • Resale Price Maintenance • Quantity Discounts L5: Regulation and Industrial Policy L82: Entertainment • Media L83: Sports • Gambling • Restaurants • Recreation • Tourism L86: Information and Internet Services • Computer Software L88: Government Policy L8: Industry Studies: Services L: Industrial Organization M2: Business Economics M37: Advertising M3: Marketing and Advertising O31: Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives O32: Management of Technological Innovation and R&D O33: Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital O38: Government Policy O3: Technological Change • Research and Development • Intellectual Property Rights O: Economic Development; Technological Change; and Growth Z11: Economics of the Arts and Literature Z1: Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology

Primary and Secondary data (20) · Primary data (30) · Secondary data (23)

; 3 Major Film Studios Alliance for IP Amazon.com Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings Anti-Copying in Design Anti-Counterfeiting Group Apple iTunes country stores in 27 EU Member States Arbitron Arthur, W.B. (1994) Artists’ Collecting Society Athey & Mobius (2012) Australian Society of Authors Author's Licensing & Collecting Society Axel Springer BGLM Barro and Lee (2000) BigChampagne Big Innovation Centre Bowker Annual Boxofficemojo.com British Copyright Council British Film Institute British Library British Phonographic Industry British Screen Advisory Council Bundesverband der Phonographischen Wirtschaft Bureau of Economic Analysis Survey Bureau of Labor Statistics Business Software Alliance CDBaby COMPUSTAT Case law Center for Research in Security Prices Central Intelligence Agency Chiou & Tucker (2011) College and Research Libraries ComScore Copyright Licensing Agency Copyright Licensing Society Crown Prosecution Service Current Population Survey Daniel, E. and Klimis, G.M. (1999) Dolfsma, W. (2000) Dun and Bradstreet EMusic Economist Intelligence Unit European Social Survey Exhibitor Relations Co Federal Communication Commission Federal Judicial Center Federation Against Copyright Theft Federation Against Software Theft Freedom House GRAMIX Gameogre.com Gigaom Analysis (2014) Global Market Information Database Google AdWords Heritage Foundation Heston et al (2001) Huang et al. (2013) IFPI IPRC InfoUSA Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System International Federation of the Phonographic Industry International Monetary Fund International Telecommunication Union Internet Center for Corruption Research KaZaA Lee & Chyi (2015) Library of Congress Literature review MCPS Menéame Boycott (2014) Mininova Ministry of Justice Mint Global Mmorpg.com Mondepersistants.com Monopolies and Mergers Commission Moody's Motion Picture Association Movie2k.to Musicians Union NPD Group National studies Newspaper Licensing Association Nielsen Nielsen Media Research Nielsen SoundScan OFCOM Oanda Open Data Institute Open Rights Group Open letter from Steve Jobs and response from Tim Amoroso from Macrovision P2P Trackers PEW PPL PRS for Music Police Intellectual Property Crime Unit Publishers Association RIAA RIAA (2007) Recording Industry Association of America Research Insight Reuters Review of Existing Academic and Industries Literature Rpgrank.com SAMI ScreenDaily.com Softletter Software and Information Industry Association Swedish Performing Right Society (STIM) Annual Reports Trading Standards TuneCore U.S. Census Bureau UK Audit Bureau of Circulations UK Film Council UK Interactive Entertainment UK Music UNDP World Income Inequality Database UNESCO US Statistical Abstracts United Nations (1999) United States Patent and Trademark Office VPL Viacom WIPO WTO Ward's World Bank World Economic Outlook, IMF World Values Survey Xenofilkia Magazine Xerox Yang & Chyi (2011) YouTube

Archival Research · Case Study · Document Research · Ethnography · Experimental (Field) · Experimental (Laboratory) · Experimental (Natural) · Focus Groups · Historical Methods · Life History · Longitudinal Study · Participant Observation · Qualitative Collection Methods · Qualitative content/text mining · Quantitative Collection Methods · Quantitative data/text mining · Semi-Structured Interview · Snowball sampling · Structured Interview · Survey Research (qualitative; e.g. consumer preferences) · Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting) · Unstructured Interview · Web analytic (online user trace data) · Other · None

Cluster analysis (3) · Correlation and Association (22) · Descriptive statistics (counting; means reporting; cross-tabulation) (36) · Discourse Analysis (1) · Legal Analysis (7) · Meta-Analysis (3) · Multivariate Statistics (8) · Qualitative Analysis Methods (17) · Qualitative Coding / Sorting (e.g. of interview data) (17) · Quantitative Analysis Methods (37) · Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) (17) · Regression Analysis (25) · Structural Equation Modeling (4) · Textual Content Analysis (14)

; Argentina Australia Austria Bangladesh Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Canada Chile China Colombia Czech Republic Denmark Europe European Union Finland France Germany Global Greece Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Japan Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Norway OECD Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand The Netherlands Turkey United Kingdom United States Venezuela

No (40) · Yes (33)

No (52) · Yes (21)

No (66) · Yes (5)

No (57) · Yes (14)

; 106 days between August 2010 and February 2011. 1919 - 1926 1930 - 1960 1977-1978 1980 - 2009 1981-1990 1984 to 2006 1989-1995 1994 1994,1997,2000 1994-1998 1994-1999 1994-2004 1996-2000 1997-2008 1998-2002 1998-2003 1999 to 2015 2001 2003 2004 to 2005 2004 to 2014 2004-2005 2005 2006 2006-2013 2007 2007 to 2008 2007-2008 2008 to 2009 2009 2009-2014 2010-2013 2011 2011 to 2012 2011-2013 2011-2015 2012 2012-2013 2013 2014 2015 January 1993- August 1995 July 2003 to July 2006 None stated Not stated Not stated. November 2009 November 2011 – May 2012 November 2018 – January 2019 October 2014 - September 2015 Various

Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (2) · British Phonographic Industry (1) · British Video Association (BVA) (1) · Brittany Regional Council (1) · Business Software Alliance (1) · Center for Global Partnership (1) · Center for Research in Government Policy and Business at the University of Rochester (1) · Center for the Analysis of Property Rights and Innovation (CAPRI) (1) · ESRC (Media Economics & Media Culture Programme) L 12625 101 1 (1) · Entertainment & Leisure Software Publishers Association (1) · European Commission (4) · Federation Against Copyright Theft (1) · Google (2) · IPO (3) · Intellectual Property Office (2) · JISC (1) · Mellon Foundation (2) · NSF of the Bulgarian Ministry of Education, Youth and Science, Contract, DFNI-К01/0002-21.11.2012 (1) · National Science Foundation (1) · None (5) · None stated (2) · Not Stated (1) · Not stated (2) · Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (1) · Organised Crime Task Force (1) · RCUK Funded Centre for Copyright and New Business Models in the Creative Economy (CREATe) (1) · The American Council on Consumer Interests (1) · The Patent Office (1) · The Spanish Association of Publishers of Periodical Publications (Asociación Española de Editoriales de Publicaciones Periódicas) (1) · The financial support for this project was given by the Leverholm Trust and the Herchel Smith Intellectual Property Research Fund, Emmanuel College, University of Cambridge (1) · WHO (1) · WIPO (1) · We 
thank 
the
 National
 Human 
Genome 
Research
 Initiative 
for 
a 
generous 
grant 
supporting 
this
 work (1) · World Intellectual Property Organization (2) · ∗Support for this research by NBER’s Economics of Digitization and Copyright Initiative is gratefully acknowledged. (1)

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare (36) · 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? (10) · 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) (9) · 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) (30) · 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media) (42)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) (15) · B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) (15) · C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) (7) · D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) (33) · E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) (10) · F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness) (34)

1 - 10 (16) · 10 - 20 (11) · 20 - 40 (24) · 40 - 80 (22) · 80 - 400 (19) · 400 - 200,000 (21)

; Academic Journals Art Market Professionals Average individual income level Case Study Case study Chefs Collecting Socieities Collecting Societies Company Country Creative businesses Creators Cultural Heritage Institutions Cultural Institutions Film Focus Groups Focus of the study is the domestic market for recorded music in the USA. IP Professionals Individual Individual Copyright Offences Individual Staff Individuals Industries Industry International Recording Industry Interview Interviewed author Interviews Kickstarter projects Legal experts Libraries Motion Picture Markets Movie downloads Movie official sales Multinational music firms Museums Music services News Websites Newspaper Publishers Online surveyed author Open Source Software Organisations P2P Communities Publications Questionnaire Questionnaires Reports Software Users Songs Stakeholders Studies Survey source TV Episodes Torrent swarms Total yearly sales of prerecorded music Unit Sales University students User Virtual World Wikipedia pages Yearly unemployment rate Years of sales data events firm-events movie-by-weekend-by-country revenue observations publicly traded firms years

; 1919 – 1926 1930 – 1960 1959-1982 1977-1978 1980 - 2009 1981-1990 1985-1999 1988-2009 1989-1995 1991-2006 1994 1994 to 2006 1994, 1997,2000 1994-1999 1994-2004 1996-2000 1997-2008 1998 1998-2002 1998-2003 1999 to 2015 1999-2002 2001 2003 2004 to 2005 2004-2005 2005 2006 2006-2013 2007 2007 to 2008 2007-2008 2008 to 2009 2009 2009-2014 2010-2011 2010-2013 2011 2011 to 2012 2011-2013 2012 2012-2013 2013 2014 2015 January - April 2014 January 1993- August 1995 July 2003 to 2006 July 2003 to July 2006 Non stated Not stated November 2011 – May 2012 October 2014 - September 2015 Unknown

Computer programming (1) · Creative, arts and entertainment (16) · Cultural education (6) · Film and motion pictures (21) · Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities (10) · Photographic activities (6) · Programming and broadcasting (5) · Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing (19) · Software publishing (15) · Sound recording and music publishing (31) · Specialised design (2) · Television programmes (12) · Video game publishing (2)