Browse data: Studies

; Acar, G. Agada, E.O. Aguiar, L. Aguilar, A. Akhtari-Zavare, M. Akmon, D. Allen, N. Amees, M. Andersen, B. Andrés, A. R. Antal, D. Antelman, K. Arendt, J. Astle, P. Athey, S. Aufderheide, P. Ausloos, J. Australian Law Reform Commission Baghestan, A. G. Baker, M. Ballon, H. Band, J. Bandinelli, C. Banks, J. Bazelon, C. Bechtold, S. Beekhuyzen, J. Belleflamme, P. Bellégo, C. Bently, L. Bergquist, K Bessen, J. E. Bhattacharjee, S. Björk, B. Blackburn, D. Bodo, B. Bodó, B. Borghi, M. Bouchard, M. Bounie, D. Bourreau, M. Breyer, S. Brooks, T. Bruckman, A. Brynjolfsson, E. Buccafusco, C. Buxmann, P. Cabell, D. Calzada, J. Camerani, R. Cameron, L. Cameron, S. Campagnolo, G. M. Campbell, J. Campos, L. Carrier, M. A. Castañer, X. Cave, M. Cenite, M. Chan, G. S. Chang, B. H. Charles River Associates Chavarro, D. Cheliotis , G Chen, C. T. Chen, P. C. Chen, S. Chen, Y. C. Cheng, H. K. Chiou, J. S. Choi, C. J. Claussen, J. Clement, M. Clifford, M. Cockrill, A. Cohen, W. M. Collections Trust Commission of the European Communities Condry, I. Cooper, E. Corbett, S. Cunningham, B. Cuntz, A DCMS Danaee, M Danaher, B. Danbury, R. Daniel, J. Darling, K. De Beer, J De Kaminski, M. De Nijs, R. De Wolf & Partners Deegan, M. Dejean, S. Deloitte Denoyelle, M. Depoorter, B. Derclaye, E. Dhanasobhon, S. DiCola, P. C. Dickson, M. Dimita, G. Doulkaridou-Ramantani, E. Dryden, J. Duan, W. Dudenbostel, T. Durand, K. Durham, Y. EY Ebrahim, N. A. Economides, A. A. Erickson, K. Ernst & Young LLP European Commission European Union Intellectual Property Office Evenson, R. Farahmand, E. Farn, C. K. Fauchart, E. Favale, M. Fesuton, J. Fiesler, C. Filiciak, M. Flynn, J. Franklin, M. Frenz, M. Frosio, G. F. Fyfe, A. Gadd, E. Gani, M. W. Garcia, K. Garcia-Bardidia, R. Gasser, U. Geradin, D. GfK Belgium Ghafele, R. Ghose, A. Giannatou, E. Gibert, B. Giblin, R. Gibson, J. Gil, J. Gilbert, D. Giletti, T. Giorcelli, M. Girard, Y. Givon, M. Goode, M. M. Goodridge, P. Gopal, R. D. Graham, S. J. H. Grassano, N. Green, D. Grönlund, M. Grøndal, L. Guadamuz, A. Guibault, L. Gunaji, S. Haefliger, S. Haigh, M. Hall, B. Handke, C. Hardwick, P. Hargittai, E. Haskel, J. Hausberg, J. P. Haveman, H. A. Heald, P. Heald, P. J. Heath, T. Heimstädt, M. Heinink, L. Helberger, N. Helmers, C. Hennig-Thurau, T. Henning, V. Heyman, R. Hicks, J. Hill, B. M. Hirsch, P. H. Hirshleifer, J. Hofmokl, J. Homberg, F. Hong, S. H. Hoofnagle, C. Hooper, R. Huang, C. Y. Huang, Y. Hudson, E. Hui, K. L. Humphreys, S. Huygen, A. Hyman, M. R. IHS Technology Intellectual Property Office International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) Ishida, C. Jacobi, T. Jambon, M. M. Jang, J. Jankowich, A. Jee, S. J. Johnscher, P. Johnson, P. Joseph, M. Julian Kolev Jäger, P. Jütte, B.J. Kalantari, A. Kanwar, S. Kapsalis, E. Karaganis, J. Kelly, E. J. Kelly, K. Kennedy, J. Kenyon, A. Khang, H. Khaniki, H. Kheria, S. Ki, E. J. Kim, M. Klimis, G. M. Klutzz, D. N. Kohn, A. Korn, N. 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Sycamore Research Sytch, M. T.M.C. Asser Instituut/Asser International Sports Law Centre and the Institute for Information Law - University of Amsterdam Takeyama, L. N. Tamam, E. Tan, C. H. Y. Tang, P. Tanner, S. Tarkowski, A. Taylor, S. A. Teegen, H. Telang, R. Tepper, S. J. The Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market and the European Patent Office Thomas, J. Thomes, T. P. Thompson, Seth D. Throsby, D. Tofi, S.T. Toivonen, T. E. Touve, D. Towse, R. Troll Covey, D. Tzantzara, K. United States Copyright Office Urban, J. M. Vacca, R. Vallbe, J. Vallbé, J. Van Alsenoy, B. Van Eijk, N. Van Ypersele, T. Verdoodt, V. Von Hellens, L. Von Hippel, E. Von Krogh, G. Vuopala, A. Waelbroeck, P. Waelde, C. Waldfogel, J. Walker, R. Wallace, A. Wallace, D. W. Wallis, R. Walsh, J. P. Wang, C. C. Wang, M. W. Wang, Q. H. Watt, R. Wauters, E. Weatherall, K. Wendy A. Bradley Westermann, M. Westkamp, G Whinston, A. B. Williams, R. Willoughby, K. W. Won, S. J. World Intellectual Property Organization Xalabarder, R. Xia, M. Yang, S. C. Yu, S. Yuan, M. Y. Zednik, A. Zentner, A. Zerkee, J.

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(2007) Urban and Quilter (2006) Urban et al. (1998) Vaidhyanathan (2001) Van Eechoud (2017) Varian (2004) Vetulani (2008) Vickery (2011) Vickery et al. (2005) Vigmostad (2005) Vigon (2015) Vitell (2003) Vogel (2001) Vogel (2007) Von Hippel (2005) Von Hippel and von Krogh (2003) Von Krogh et al (2012) Vuopala (2010) Waldfogel, 2011 Waldfogel (2010) Waldfogel (2011) Waldfogel (2012) Waldfogel (2014) Waldfogel (2017a) Walter and Von Lewinski (2010) Wasko and Faraj (2006) Waterman (2005) Waterman et al., 2007 Waters (2003) Watt (2000) Watt (2004) Watt (2010) Weaver (2007) Werbin (2012) Westbrook (2006) White and Manton (2011) Widener (2010) Wilkof (2007) Willinsky (2006) Willis (2015) Winsbury (2006) Wirtzburg (2017) World Intellectual Property Organization (2015) Wotherspoon (2003) Wu et al (2007) Wunsch-Vincent and Vickery (2007) Xalabarder (2014) Xu (2007) Yang and Chyi (2011) Yang and Lester (2005) Yen (2003) Yin RK (2018) Yoon (2001) Zagorsky (1990) Zalabarder (2016) Zavetoski (2002) Zentner, 2006 Zentner (2003) Zentner (2004) Zentner (2005) Zentner (2006) Zentner (2007) Zentner (2009) Zhang (2012) Zhang and Zhu (2010) Zhao (2003)

; A10: General A11: Role of Economics • Role of Economists • Market for Economists A13: Relation of Economics to Social Values A14: Sociology of Economics A1: General Economics A21: Pre-college A22: Undergraduate A32: Collective Volumes A33: Handbooks A: General Economics and Teaching B2: History of Economic Thought since 1925 C02: Mathematical Methods C33: Panel Data Models • Spatio-temporal Models C63: Computational Techniques • Simulation Modeling C81: Methodology for Collecting; Estimating; and Organizing Microeconomic Data • Data Access C88: Other Computer Software C8: Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology • Computer Programs D01: Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles D02: Institutions: Design; Formation; and Operations D03: Behavioral Microeconomics • Underlying Principles D11: Consumer Economics: Theory D12: Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D1: Household Behavior and Family Economics D23: Organizational Behavior • Transaction Costs • Property Rights D2: Production and Organizations D40: General D42: Monopoly D47: Market Design D4: Market Structure and Pricing D51: Exchange and Production Economies D62: Externalities D6: Welfare Economics D7: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making D82: Asymmetric and Private Information • Mechanism Design D83: Search • Learning • Information and Knowledge • Communication • Belief D8: Information; Knowledge; and Uncertainty D: Microeconomics E01: Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth • Environmental Accounts E02: Institutions and the Macroeconomy E24: Employment • Unemployment • Wages • Intergenerational Income Distribution • Aggregate Human Capital E2: Consumption; Saving; Production; Investment; Labor Markets; and Informal Economy E3: Prices; Business Fluctuations; and Cycles F13: Trade Policy • International Trade Organizations F16: Trade and Labor Market Interactions F1: Trade F23: Multinational Firms • International Business F63: Economic Development G24: Investment Banking • Venture Capital • Brokerage • Ratings and Ratings Agencies G38: Government Policy and Regulation H1: Structure and Scope of Government H41: Public Goods H4: Publicly Provided Goods H: Public Economics I21: Analysis of Education I23: Higher Education • Research Institutions I28: Government Policy J11: Demographic Trends; Macroeconomic Effects; and Forecasts J16: Economics of Gender • Non-labor Discrimination J30: General J3: Wages; Compensation; and Labor Costs K00: General K0: General K10: General K11: Property Law K12: Contract Law K14: Criminal Law K19: Other K1: Basic Areas of Law K20: General K23: Regulated Industries and Administrative Law K29: Other K2: Regulation and Business Law K30: General K33: International Law K3: Other Substantive Areas of Law K40: General K41: Litigation Process K42: Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law K4: Legal Procedure; the Legal System; and Illegal Behavior K: Law and Economics L10: General L11: Production; Pricing; and Market Structure • Size Distribution of Firms L12: Monopoly • Monopolization Strategies L13: Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets L14: Transactional Relationships • Contracts and Reputation • Networks L15: Information and Product Quality • Standardization and Compatibility L16: Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics: Industrial Structure and Structural Change • Industrial Price Indices L17: Open Source Products and Markets L1: Market Structure; Firm Strategy; and Market Performance L22: Firm Organization and Market Structure L24: Contracting Out • Joint Ventures • Technology Licensing L29: Other L2: Firm Objectives; Organization; and Behavior L31: Nonprofit Institutions • NGOs L33: Comparison of Public and Private Enterprises and Nonprofit Institutions • Privatization • Contracting Out L41: Monopolization • Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices L42: Vertical Restraints • Resale Price Maintenance • Quantity Discounts L51: Economics of Regulation L5: Regulation and Industrial Policy L6: Industry Studies: Manufacturing L80: General L81: Retail and Wholesale Trade • e-Commerce L82: Entertainment • Media L83: Sports • Gambling • Restaurants • Recreation • Tourism L86: Information and Internet Services • Computer Software L88: Government Policy L8: Industry Studies: Services L: Industrial Organization M2: Business Economics M31: Marketing M37: Advertising M3: Marketing and Advertising M52: Compensation and Compensation Methods and Their Effects M59: Other N3: Labor and Consumers; Demography; Education; Health; Welfare; Income; Wealth; Religion; and Philanthropy N6: Manufacturing and Construction N: Economic History O14: Industrialization • Manufacturing and Service Industries • Choice of Technology O17: Formal and Informal Sectors • Shadow Economy • Institutional Arrangements O30: General O31: Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives O32: Management of Technological Innovation and R&D O33: Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital O38: Government Policy O3: Technological Change • Research and Development • Intellectual Property Rights O57: Comparative Studies of Countries O: Economic Development; Technological Change; and Growth P26: Political Economy • Property Rights P2: Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies Y10: Data: Tables and Charts Y1: Data: Tables and Charts Y80: Related Disciplines Z10: General Z11: Economics of the Arts and Literature Z13: Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology • Social and Economic Stratification Z1: Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology

Primary and Secondary data (56) · Primary data (142) · Secondary data (76)

; 1944-2012 ALCS survey 2007 ALCS survey 2015 Akami Stream Analyzer Amazon.com Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings Arthur, W.B. (1994) Athey & Mobius (2012) Australia Bureau of Statistics Australian Bureau of Statistics Census 2001, 2006 Author's Licensing & Collecting Society Axel Springer BPI BPI Annual Yearbook 2013 Barro and Lee (2000) BiB TV Programming Source Book BigChampagne Billboard Chart BitTorrent protocol of all torrents between 2004 and 2013 Booksinprint.com Bowker Boxofficemojo.com British Film Institute Bureau of Labor Statistics Business Software Alliance CDBaby CISAC Annual Report 2008 CISAC Annual Report 2013 CLA datasets CNC COMPUSTAT CPA (2002) CRS Case law CcMixter Chiou & Tucker (2011) Clarivate Web of Science Collecting societies ComScore Commissioners of Patents’ Journal Companies’ SEC annual report filings Consumer Expenditure Survey Copyright Levies Reform Alliance Copyright Licensing Society Copyright Office Copyright renewal records Creative & Cultural Skills UK Current Population Survey DG Trade: Market Access Database DMCA Daniel, E. and Klimis, G.M. (1999) Data.gov.uk Decima Research survey commissioned by Industry Canada Digital Citizen Project Digital Music News Discogs Dolfsma, W. (2000) Dun and Bradstreet ECJ EMusic Economist Intelligence Unit European Audivisual Observatory European Commission European Social Survey Eurostat Eurostat Labour Force Survey Eurostat Structural Business Survey Federal Communication Commission Federal Judicial Center Film Index International Financial data from COMPUSTAT’s Fundamental Annuals Fortune Global 500 Gale Directory of Databases Gameogre.com Gigaom Analysis (2014) Global Market Information Database Google Google Trends Hargreaves 2011 Haverman (2004): Antebellum literary culture and the evolution of American magazines Heston et al (2001) Huang et al. (2013) IFPI IFPI (2011) IFPI (2013) IMDB IMDb IMDbPro INDU Committee ITunes InfoUSA Infosoc Directive Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System International Federation of the Phonographic Industry International Financial Statistics (1999) International Game Developers Association International Planning Research Corporation International Video Federation Interpedia Journal of the Patent Office Society Justwatch.com KEA (2012) Kinomatics project Lee & Chyi (2015) Legislative review LexisNexis LibGen Mirror Site Library of Congress Literature review Lumen Major Record Company Sales Data Market Analysis Information Database McGill (2006) Menéame Boycott (2014) Miller, P (2012) Thinking about Open Data, With a Little Help from the Data Hub. Cloud of Data Mininova Mint Global Mmorpg.com Mondepersistants.com Moody's Motion Picture Association Movie2k.to MusicBrainz Music Publishers Association (2014) Musicbrainz Muso Médiamétrie NACE classification Natioanal Statistics Offices National Music Publishers Association National studies Neilson Nielsen Nielsen Clickstream Data Nielsen SoundScan Nielsen VideoScan Nokia None None stated Not stated Nupedia OECD Education at a Glance OECD Reports OFCOM OFCOM statistics ORBIS Oanda OverDrive Overdrive P2P Trackers PRODCOM PRS for Music Patent and Trade Mark Review Pew Internet Project Phonolog data base Pollstar Publishers Association Publishers Weekly RIAA RIAJ Recording Industry Association of America Rentrak Rentrak Corporation Research Insight Review of Existing Academic and Industries Literature Rpgrank.com SHERPA institutional repository list Scimago Journal and Country Rank ScreenDaily.com Screen Digest (1998) SimilarWeb Singapore Department of Statistics Singapore Economic Development Board Softletter Software and Information Industry Association SoundScan Sourcebook America Statistisches Bundesamt Submission of evidence by interested parties Survey of GLAM open access policy and practice The Directory of Open Access Repositories The United States Supreme Court Judicial Database Thingiverse Tmdb TuneCore Twitter U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Department of Labor UK Audit Bureau of Circulations UK Film Council USCO (2014-2018) annual reports US Copyright Office US Copyright Records US Patent and Trademark Office United Nations (1999) United States Federal Courts United States Patent and Trademark Office Variety Various Historical Opera Annals Various ananymous retailers' websites Viacom WAN-IFRA Database WIPO Ward's Wayback Machine Wikimedia Commons WinMX World Bank World Bank's World Development Indicators World Bank database World Governance Indicator Project World Income Inequality Database World Telecommunication/Information and Communication Technologies Indicators World Values Survey YOUNISON Yang & Chyi (2011) Yellow Pages YouTube

Archival Research (6) · Case Study (41) · Document Research (32) · Ethnography (5) · Experimental (Field) (3) · Experimental (Laboratory) (1) · Experimental (Natural) (6) · Focus Groups (7) · Historical Methods (6) · Life History (1) · Longitudinal Study (16) · Participant Observation (6) · Qualitative Collection Methods (103) · Qualitative content/text mining (29) · Quantitative Collection Methods (119) · Quantitative data/text mining (70) · Semi-Structured Interview (48) · Snowball sampling (5) · Structured Interview (8) · Survey Research (qualitative; e.g. consumer preferences) (61) · Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting) (90) · Unstructured Interview (6) · Web analytic (online user trace data) (36)

Cluster analysis (10) · Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) (5) · Correlation and Association (46) · Descriptive statistics (counting; means reporting; cross-tabulation) (102) · Discourse Analysis (14) · Ethnographic/narrative analysis (9) · Factor Analysis (2) · Grounded Theory (8) · Legal Analysis (44) · Meta-Analysis (5) · Multivariate Statistics (26) · Qualitative Analysis Methods (87) · Qualitative Coding / Sorting (e.g. of interview data) (47) · Quantitative Analysis Methods (122) · Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) (59) · Regression Analysis (61) · Social Network Analysis (2) · Structural Equation Modeling (22) · Textual Content Analysis (63) · Triangulation (2) · Visual / Other Content Analysis (4)

; Albania Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Cameroon Canada Chile China Colombia Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic Egypt Estonia Ethiopia Europe European Union Finland France Georgia Germany Ghana Global Greece Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kenya Korea Kosovo Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lesotho Lithuania Macedonia Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Mozambique Multiple Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nigeria Norway OECD Pakistan Palestine, State of Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Russian Federation Saudi Arabia Scotland Senegal Serbia Singapore Slovenia South Africa South Korea Spain Sudan Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand The Netherlands Turkey UK US, EU USA Ukraine Unite States United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Unknown Uzbekistan Venezuela Worldwide Zambia Zimbabwe

No (188) · Yes (100)

No (227) · Yes (61)

No (255) · Yes (23)

No (237) · Yes (41)

; * Random Sample of Feasibility: 1999 to 2001 * The Posner Memorial Collection 2001 to 2004 * The Million Book Project 2003 to 2005 1 October 1999 - 15 February 2000. 1 October 2018 – 30 April 2019 10 day period 17 July 2017 1852 - 1998 1853 to 1996 1890 - 1964 1900 - 2014 1913 to 1932 1922-1941 1975 - 2007 1975-1982 1980-2017 1981-1990 1984 - 2013 1985-2005 199-2000 1990-2004 1991-2000 2006 1991-2002 1991-2007 1991-2012 1993-2004 1994 1994-1998 1996-2000 1996-2001 1996-2002 1996-2005 1996-2006 1996-2008 1997 1997 - 1999 1997 to 2000 1997-1998 1997-2009 1998 1998 to 2012 1998-1999 1998-2002 1998-2004 1998-2009 1999-2000 1999-2010 2000 2000,2005, and 2013 2000-2001 2000-2003 2000-2005 2000-2006 2000-2007 2000-2012 2001 2001 to 2004 2001-2002 2001-2006 2001-2011 2002 2002-2003 2002-2005 2003-2004 2003-2005 2003-2007 2003-2012 2003-2016 2004 2004 - 2019 2004 to 2005 2004 to 2014 2004-2005 2004-2006 2005 2005 to 2006 2005, 2013 2005-2008 2005-2012 2006 2006 to 2010 2006 to 2011 2007 2007 to 2008 2007 to 2009 2007-2008 2007-2009 2007-2011 2008 2008 to 2009 2008 to 2014 2008-2011 2008-2013 2008-2017 2009 2009 - 2012 2009-2011 2009-2014 2010 2010-2011 2011 2011 to 2012 2011-2012 2011-2013 2011-2015 2012 2012 to 2013 2012-2013 2012-2016 2013 2013-2014 2014 2014-2015 2014-2016 2015 2015-2016 2015-2019 2016 2016-2017 2017 2017-2018 2018 2018 - 2019 2019 2021 2022 26 January - 26 February 2015 27 April 2020 27 September 2014 – 1 March 2015 9-30 November 2018 A semester in 2013 April 17 -December 10, 2018 April 2004 - July 2004 April 2007 April 2008 August 2006 to October 2006 Between March 2010 and February 2011 Data includes an assessment of creative industries in comparison with market trends and competition. Several examples are presented to support economic theory and proposition. Data was collected over two weeks in 2012. December 2003 December 2003-January 2004 December 2007 December 2015 – January 2016 February 2018 February 2019 February to October 2006 January 2000 - December 2001 January 2006 through March 2006 January 2015 - August 2016 January 2022 to May 2022 July 2003 to July 2006 July 2012 July and August 2020 June - October 2014 June 2008 June to September 2009 March 15-April 15 2004 March 2016 – July 2016 May 19 - May 26, 2011 May 2004-June 2004 May 2007 Non stated None stated Not Specified Not specified Not stated Not stated. November 18-December 14, 2003. November 2009 November 2011 – May 2012 November 2012 November to December 2006 Pre 1972 Prior to 2005 Prior to 2007 Prior to 202 September 20 - October 2, 2011 September 2002 - March 2003 September 2010 – September 2012 September to December 2012 Spring 2013 Summer 2013 There is no data. Unstated.

; AHRC grant noAH/K001841 ARC via projects LP160100387, FT170100011 and DE170100037 Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Arts and Humanities Research Council Auckland Council Libraries Australia Council for the Arts Australian Research Council projects LP160100387, FT170100011 and DE170100037 Australian Research Council via projects LP160100387, FT170100011 and DE170100037 Authors’ Licensing & Collecting Society (ALCS) Berkeley Center for Law & Technology and the Case Western Reserve University Active Learning Fellowship Boston Consulting Group Brisbane City Council Libraries Brittany Regional Council Bruce Miller CAIW CIPP CREATe Canadian Association of Research Libraries Center for Global Partnership Center for the Analysis of Property Rights and Innovation (CAPRI) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Coke-Cola Center for Marketing Studies at the University of Georgia Comissioned for and sponsored by the National Recording Preservation Board, Library of Congress Commonwealth of Australia Congressional Research Service Copyright in an Age of Access: Alternatives to Copyright Enforcement - NWO TOP Grant #407-11-050 Creative Content Australia Delta Digital Citizenship Project at Illinois State University. Directorate General Communication Networks, Content and Technology Dutch Ministries of Education, Culture and Science, Economic Affairs and Justice. Economic and Social Research Council Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) (grant RES-173-27-0220) European Commision European Commission European Grouping of Societies of Authors and Composers European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 611988 Flemish Agency for Innovation through Science and Technology Fulbright grant program GE Endowed Professor Fund German Institute for Economic Research Gold Coast Libraries Google H2020 Research grant #710722 "OPENing UPnew methods, indicators and tools for peer review, dissemination of research results,and impact measurement" Hampshire Library Service Hellen Posner Henry Posner jr. House of Commons IGCC and UCSC Committee on Research IPO Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation Intellectual Property Institute Intellectual Property Office International Intellectual Property Alliance JISC John D. Evans Foundation John M. Olin Center for Law, Economics, Business at Harvard Law School KPN Mack Center Marketing Science Institute (MSI, Grant No. 4-1228) Mellon Foundation Microsoft Research Million Book Project Monash University Motion Picture Association of America NASA, the OECD, the MIT Center for Coordination Science, the Center for eBusiness@MIT under a grant from Fleet Bank, and the Stanford Computer Industry Project National Audiovisual Institute (NINA) National Museum Directors’ Council National Research Council (NRC) Committee on the Impact of Copyright Policy on Innovation in the Digital Era National Research Foundation of Korea (2016R1A2A1A05005270) National Science Council of Taiwan, R.O.C. National Science Council, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, under Grant Number NSC 93-2416-H-031-002 National Science Council, Taiwan National Science Foundation National Science Foundation (NSF) through the CAREER Award CNS-0546009. National and State Libraries Australia Naval Academy Research Council Grant Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science None None stated Not Specified Not Stated Not stated Open Society Institute OpenDataMonitor Project Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development PAI P4/04, Belgian State, Prime Minister’s Office, Science Policy Programming Pew Internet and American Life Project Polish National Center for Culture (NCK) Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation RCUK/CREATe Robert William University Research Foundation Royal Dutch Book Trade Association SABIP SMG KRC Millward Brown SURF Cooperative (Grant #e-infra190075) Shenkman Family Endowed Chair fund Social Science Division and the Committee on Research at UC – Santa Cruz St Mary’s County Library Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research Swansea University Swiss National Science Foundation The Finnish Academy The Leverhulme Trust The Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market and the European Patent Office The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for the doctoral fellowship and the Association of Colleges and Research Libraries for the Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship that covered the costs of data collection. The Spanish Association of Publishers of Periodical Publications (Asociación Española de Editoriales de Publicaciones Periódicas) The author gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the New Zealand Law Foundation for this research project. The study was funded by the UK Authors’ Licensing & Collecting Society (ALCS) Towards a National Collection programme Treibick Electronic Commerce Initiative U.K. Economic and Social Research Council grant number ES/K008137/1 UGSC Division of Social Sciences United States Copyright Office University of Houston Law Center’s Institute for Intellectual Property & Information Law’s 2012-2013 Sponsored Scholarship Grant for the Legal Academy Vancouver Public Library WHO WIPO We 
thank 
the
 National
 Human 
Genome 
Research
 Initiative 
for 
a 
generous 
grant 
supporting 
this
 work Wellcome Trust Wikipedia Free Knowledge Advocacy Group World Intellectual Property Office World Intellectual Property Organization XS4ALL Yarra Plenty Regional Library Yarra Plenty Regional Library,Gold Coast Libraries Ziggo the Australian Library and Information Association the state libraries of Western Australia South Australia and New South Wales the state libraries of Western Australia, South Australia and New South Wales ∗Support for this research by NBER’s Economics of Digitization and Copyright Initiative is gratefully acknowledged.

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare (178) · 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? (55) · 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) (38) · 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) (149) · 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media) (121)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) · B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) · C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) · D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) · E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) · F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness) · Other · None

0 - 10 (39) · 10 - 40 (50) · 40 - 200 (57) · 200 - 600 (45) · 600 - 2,000 (35) · 2,000 - 300,000,000 (58)

; Albums Articles Artists Authors Book title price Books Business model CD title price Case Studies Case Study Case study Cases Chefs Cinema attendance Collecting societies Collecting society financial data Company Competition agencies Concerts Consumer Copyright cases Copyright enforcement models Copyright holder Copyright legal system Copyright systems Country Court Decisions Court cases Creative industries Creators Cultural Heritage Institutions Cultural Institution Staff Cultural Institutions Cultural heritage institutions Cultural heritage objects DMA Digital Sales in 6 European Music Markets Digitised Book Collections Documents Domains EU Cases EULA Economic indicators Economic model Files Film Firm Focus Groups Focus group Focus of the study is the domestic market for recorded music in the USA. Forum posts Hour Households IP Professionals IPR-intensive industries Individual Individual Responses Individual Staff Individual data Individual semistructured interviews Individuals Industries Industry Interview Journals Legal experts Legal regime Magazines Microsoft users Monthly data shipment units Multinational music firms Museums Music Music albums Music professionals Music services Music streaming services Musicians and Songwriters News Websites News articles Newspaper Publishers Not stated Observations Open Source Software Open access journal Open access repository Open and closed development models Out-of-print books P2P Communities P2P communication events P2P users PSI re-users Pages of text from archival research Platforms Preregistrations Price observations Publication Publications Publishers Qualitative interviews Questionnaire Recording Artists Rental Priced Responses to Calls for Evidence Responses to calls for evidence Scenario Scholarly Communications Software Software Users Song Songs Sound recordings Stakeholders Students TV Episodes Takedown Notices Takedown Rquests Takedown notices Takedown requests Tweets U.S. federal court decisions US Copyright Office Registrations University students Videogames Videos Views Virtual World Websites Work made for hire cases Workers Years applications book titles case study ebooks economic models first performances movie-by-weekend-by-country revenue observations orphan works publications per country per year songs year years

; 1 October 2018 – 30 April 2019 10 days 1741-1860 1762-2007 1770-1900 1852-1998 1853 to 1996 1890 and 1964 1913-1932 1914-1947 1922-1941 1930-2009 1954-2006 1956-59 and from 1963-66 1972 1974-81 and 1983-86 1975 to 2007 1975-1982 1980-2017 1981-1990 1984 to 2013 1985 to 2005 1985 to 2009 1985-1999 1986-1988 1986-2005 1989-2014 1990 to 2011 1991-2000 1991-2002 1992-2014 1993-2004 1994 1995-2005 1996-2000 1996-2001 1996-2008 1997 1997 to 2000 1998 1998 to 2013 1998-1999 1998-2002 1998-2004 1998-2009 1999-2000 1999-2001 1999-2002 1999-2005 2000 2000 -2003 2000 to 2005 2000-2001 2000-2007 2000-2008 2000-2012 2001 2001 to 2004 2001-2004 2001-2006 2001-2008 2001-2012 2002 2002 to 2004 2002-2003 2002-2006 2003 2003-2004 2003-2005 2003-2007 2003-2012 2003-2013 2004 2004 to 2005 2004-2005 2005 2005 to 2006 2005-2007 2005-2008 2005-2012 2006 2006 to 2011 2007 2007 to 2008 2007 to 2009 2007-2008 2007-2009 2008 2008 to 2009 2008 to 2014 2008-013 2008-2011 2008-2012 2008-2017 2009 2009 to 2012 2009-2011 2009-2014 2010 2010-2011 2011 2011 to 2012 2011-12 2011-2012 2011-2013 2012 2012 to 2013 2012-2013 2013 2014 2014-2015 2015 2015-2016 2016 2018 2019 27 April 2020 April 2007 February to October 2006 January 1987-August 1992 January 2012 - April 2012 July 2003 to 2006 July 2003 to July 2006 June 2014-May 2015 May 19 - May 26 2011 Non stated None stated Not Stated Not stated November 2011 – May 2012 November to December 2006 Prior to 2005 Prior to 2012 Prior to December 2007 Prior to September 2009 Publications of NYT bestselling authors who died between 1973-1999 Reviewed by the New York Times Book Review (NYTBR) from 1978-84 September 20 - October 2, 2011 The cut-off date for analysis is the end of the 2008 calendar year, although some 2009 data has been included where available and appropriate. Unknown january 2008 not stated

Advertising (1) · Architectural (1) · Computer consultancy (3) · Computer programming (9) · Creative, arts and entertainment (61) · Cultural education (27) · Film and motion pictures (72) · Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities (27) · PR and communication (3) · Photographic activities (21) · Programming and broadcasting (19) · Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing (85) · Software publishing (47) · Sound recording and music publishing (117) · Specialised design (5) · Television programmes (38) · Translation and interpretation (1) · Video game publishing (4)