Browse data: Studies

; Ahn, I. Al-Rafee, S. Atterer, R. Bae, S. H. Banerjee, D. Banerjee, T. Banks, J. Bhattacharjee, S. Brune, R. Buss, P. Cave, M. Chambers, V. Chen, Y-N. Chen, Y. Chiou, J. S. Choi, J. P. Claussen, J. Clement, M. Cohen, W. M. Corbett, S. Cronan, T. P. Danaher, B. Deegan, M. Dryden, J. Erickson, K. Fam, C. K. Fauchart, E. Fitzgerald, B. Fleming, P. George, B. Girard, Y. Goles, T. Grolleau, G. Hackett, T. Handke, C. Hargreaves, I. Heald, P. J. Heinink, L. Homberg, F. Hsu, J. L. Huang, C. Y. Humphreys, S. IP Crime Group Intellectual Property Office Jayatilaka, B. Johnson, E. E. Karaganis, J. Karakaya, M. Kariithi, N. K. Kheria, S. Kretschmer, M. Kretschmer, T. Krug, C. Lee, H. H. Lee, H. K. Lemley, M. A. Levin, N. Liebowitz, S. J. Liu, J. Madnick, S. E. Margolis, S. E. Mateus, A. M. Mattes, A. Mendis, D. Merz, J. F. Montgomery, S. S. Morrison, C. Mustonen, M. Mzoughi, N. Nelson, R. R. Papies, D. Parsons, L. Peha, J. M. Peukert, C. Png, I. P. Pritcher, L. Puttitanun, T. Quiring, O. Raychaudhuri, A. Reeves, P. Robinson, M. D. Rodriguez-Amat, J. R. Sag, M. Sarikakis, K. Schofield, B. L. Secchi, D. Secker, J. Seng, D. Shafir, Z. Siegel, M. D. Smith, M. D. Su, Y. L. Sutan, A. Suzor, N. Tang, J. H. Taylor, D. Teland, R. The Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market and the European Patent Office Thomes, T. P. Throsby, D. Troll Covey, D. Urban, J. M. Von Hippel, E. Von Walter, B. Waelde, C. Walls, W. D. Walsh, J. P. Wang, J. Watson, S. J. Yang, Z. Yoon, K. Zentner, A. Zhu, H. Zizzo, D. J.

1970 · 1972 · 1982 · 1984 · 1985 · 1986 · 1988 · 1989 · 1993 · 1994 · 1995 · 1997 · 1998 · 1999 · 2000 · 2001 · 2002 · 2003 · 2004 · 2005 · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009 · 2010 · 2011 · 2012 · 2013 · 2014 · 2015 · 2016 · 2017 · 2018 · 2019 · 2020 · 2021 · 2022 · 2023 · Other · None

; Abers-Miller (1999) Akerlof et al (2002) Al-Jabri and Abdul-Gader (1997) Allen (1983) Arksey and O'Malley (2005) Arora and Gambardella (1998) Aryanto (2003) Astle and Muir (2002) Atkinson Roberts (2004) Attewell (1992) August (2008) Bakker (2005) Banerjee, Cronan and Jones (1998) Banerjee (2003) Banks and Humphreys (2008) Baumann and Hummel (2003) Benkler (2005) Bently and Byron (2014) Bernstein (1992) Besen and Kirby (1989) Bettig (1996) Bhattacharjee, Gopal, Lertwachara and Marsden (2006b) Bishop (2004) Blackburn (2004) Bowker (1988) Brown, Sellen, and Geelhoed (2001) Buccafusco and Heald (2013) Buhse (2002) Byers et al. (2003) Carroll (2004) Cheng, Sims, Teegen (1997) Chih-Chen (2005) Coates et al (2009) Cohen and Walsh (1988) Cohen et al. (1988) Collins and Reiter (2006) Condry (2004) Cooks and Hardin (2001) Coombe (2003) Corbett (2011) Cordell et al., 1996 Cosovanu (2006) Creswell (2012) Crews (2015) Dahlander and Gann (2010) Deazley and Stobo (2013) Dryden (2008) EPO and OHIM (2013) Elberse and Eliashberg (2003) Eliashberg et al. (2006) Emre, Hortacsu, and Syverson (2005) Farooqui, Goodridge and Haskel (2011) Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy (2014) Fetscherin (2005) Filer (1986) Filer (1990) Fisher (2001) Garner (2005) Giles, 2000 Givon, Mahajan and Muller (1995) Gladney (1999) Glass and Wood (1996) Gopal and Sanders (1998) Gough, Oliver and Thomas (2012) Gowers (2006) Grady (1994) Greenhalgh and Rogers (2010) Grossman and Helpman (1994) Handke, Girard, and Mattes (2015) Handke (2010) Handke and Towse (2007) Harbaugh and Khemka (2001) Hargreaves (2011) Harrington (1996) Haug and Weber (2004) Heald (2007) Heald (2008a) Heald (2014) Helpman (1993) Hesmondhalgh (2007) Hoffman, Izenma, and Lidicker (2007) Holm (2001) Howkins (2001) Hu (2006) Hui and Png (2003) Hunt, Williams, Nicholas and Rowlands (2009) Hunt and Vitell (1986) IP Crime Annual Report (2012-2013) IP Crime Annual Report (2013-2014) IP Crime Annual Report (2014-2015) Jedidi, Krider and Weinberg (1998) Jenkins (1992) Jensen (2003) Jeong and Lee (2010) Johnson (1985) Johnson (2006) Johnstone (1985) Jones and Kavanagh (1996) Karjala (1998) Katz and Shapiro (1985) Kettler and Towse (2002) Kim (2005) Kuo and Hsu (2001) Kwong et al., 2003 Landes (2004) Landes and Posner (1989) Landes and Posner (2003) Leadbeater and Miller (2004) Lerner and Tirole (2002) Lesk (2004) Lessig (1998) Levin et al. (1987) Liebowitz (1982) Liebowitz (2003) Liebowitz (2004) Liebowitz (2005) Liebowitz (2006a) Liebowitz (2006b) Liebowitz (2014) Liebowitz and Margolis (2004) Liebowitz and Watt (2006) Light (2005) Limayem et al. (1999) Marron and Steel (2000) Maskus (2000) McCutcheon et al., 2002 McGowan (2001) Merz and Pace (1994) Montgomery and Robinson (1993) Moores (2008) Nagaraj (2013) Novos and Waldman (1984) OHIM (2013) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2007) Oheler (2004) Oppenheim and Woodward (2004) Parker and Scotchmer (2005) Patry (1995) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2004) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2006) Pessach (2007) Pietz and Waelbroeck (2006) Png (2006) Png and Chen (1999) Poddar (2003) Pollock (2006) Pollock and Stepan (2010) Prendergast and Phau (2002) Priest and Klien (1984) Putnam (1994) Rappaport (1998) Resinger (2012) Rob and Waldfogel (2004) Rob and Waldfogel (2006) Rogers and Szamosszegi (2010) Rosamond (2002) Rushton (1998) Sarikakis and Rodriguez-Amat (2014) Schmiele (2013) Seng (2014) Seng (2015) Shin et al. 2004) Simpson, Banerjee, and Simpson (1994) Sinai and Waldfogel (2004) Sissons and Spencer (2012) Siwek (2013) Smith (1998) Smith and Telang (2012) Stiglitz (1989) Stiles (2014) Stobo, Deazley and Anderson (2013) Strandbourg (2008) Sundararajan (2004) Takeyama (1994) Taylor (2002) Taylor and Shim (1993) Terranova (2002) Thomas, Harden and Newman (2012) Thong and Yap (1998) Throsby (1992) Throsby and Hollister (2003) Towse, Handke, and Stepan (2008) Towse (2010) Varian (2000) Varian (2005) Vuopala (2010) WIPO (2015) Wagner and Sanders (2001) Waldfogel (2012) Walls (2008) Wassall and Alper (1984) Watt (2000) Woodmansee (1992) Wotherspoon (2003) Yar (2008) Yoon (2001) Zentner (2003)

; A11: Role of Economics • Role of Economists • Market for Economists A12: Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines A13: Relation of Economics to Social Values A14: Sociology of Economics A1: General Economics A22: Undergraduate A2: Economic Education and Teaching of Economics A: General Economics and Teaching C13: Estimation: General D02: Institutions: Design; Formation; and Operations D03: Behavioral Microeconomics • Underlying Principles D23: Organizational Behavior • Transaction Costs • Property Rights D2: Production and Organizations D42: Monopoly D61: Allocative Efficiency • Cost–Benefit Analysis D83: Search • Learning • Information and Knowledge • Communication • Belief D: Microeconomics E2: Consumption; Saving; Production; Investment; Labor Markets; and Informal Economy F13: Trade Policy • International Trade Organizations F60: General H41: Public Goods H4: Publicly Provided Goods H52: Government Expenditures and Education H: Public Economics I21: Analysis of Education I23: Higher Education • Research Institutions K00: General K11: Property Law K12: Contract Law K1: Basic Areas of Law K2: Regulation and Business Law K42: Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law K4: Legal Procedure; the Legal System; and Illegal Behavior K: Law and Economics L11: Production; Pricing; and Market Structure • Size Distribution of Firms L12: Monopoly • Monopolization Strategies L13: Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets L15: Information and Product Quality • Standardization and Compatibility L17: Open Source Products and Markets L1: Market Structure; Firm Strategy; and Market Performance L21: Business Objectives of the Firm L24: Contracting Out • Joint Ventures • Technology Licensing L2: Firm Objectives; Organization; and Behavior L43: Legal Monopolies and Regulation or Deregulation L82: Entertainment • Media L86: Information and Internet Services • Computer Software L8: Industry Studies: Services L: Industrial Organization M31: Marketing M37: Advertising O14: Industrialization • Manufacturing and Service Industries • Choice of Technology O31: Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives O32: Management of Technological Innovation and R&D O33: Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital O38: Government Policy O3: Technological Change • Research and Development • Intellectual Property Rights O57: Comparative Studies of Countries P52: Comparative Studies of Particular Economies Z11: Economics of the Arts and Literature Z13: Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology • Social and Economic Stratification Z1: Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology

Primary and Secondary data (17) · Primary data (29) · Secondary data (19)

; Australia Bureau of Statistics BV Musikindustrie BV Phono Billboard-Blogs Boxofficemojo.com Business Software Alliance COMPUSTAT Chilling Effects (Lumen) Copyright Levies Reform Alliance Current Population Survey Digital Citizen Project Dun and Bradstreet ECJ European Commission Federal Communication Commission Google Transparent Report Hofstede (1984) IFPI IFPI (2011) IMDb Indian Music Industry (IMI) InfoUSA Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System International Federation of the Phonographic Industry 2000 International Intellectual Property Alliance (2004) Special 301 Report on Global Copyright Protection and enforcement International Planning Research Corporation International Planning and Research Corporation 2000 International Telecommunication Union Literature review Moody's Movie2k.to Musikindustrie NESTA Nielsen SoundScan Nokia OFCOM Office for National Statistics Quantitative-empirical literature based on economic theory RIAA Review of Existing Academic and Industries Literature SABIP Statistisches Bundesamt UK Intellectual Property Office UNESCO Statistical Yearbook United States Patent and Trademark Office website Various WIPO Ward's World Bank World Development Indicators CD-ROM YOUNISON

Archival Research · Case Study · Document Research · Ethnography · Experimental (Field) · Experimental (Laboratory) · Experimental (Natural) · Focus Groups · Historical Methods · Life History · Longitudinal Study · Participant Observation · Qualitative Collection Methods · Qualitative content/text mining · Quantitative Collection Methods · Quantitative data/text mining · Semi-Structured Interview · Snowball sampling · Structured Interview · Survey Research (qualitative; e.g. consumer preferences) · Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting) · Unstructured Interview · Web analytic (online user trace data) · Other · None

Abduction/Retroduction · Calibration · Cluster analysis · Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) · Correlation and Association · Decision Tree Method · Descriptive statistics (counting; means reporting; cross-tabulation) · Discourse Analysis · Ethnographic/narrative analysis · Factor Analysis · Grounded Theory · Legal Analysis · Meta-Analysis · Multivariate Statistics · Qualitative Analysis Methods · Qualitative Coding / Sorting (e.g. of interview data) · Quantitative Analysis Methods · Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) · Regression Analysis · Social Network Analysis · Structural Equation Modeling · Textual Content Analysis · Triangulation · Visual / Other Content Analysis · Other · None

; Australia Austria Belgium Bulgaria Canada China Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia European Union Finland France Germany Global Greece Hong Kong Hungary India Italy Japan Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta New Zealand Poland Portugal Romania Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Spain Switzerland Taiwan The Netherlands Turkey United Kingdom United States

No (45) · Yes (21)

No (52) · Yes (14)

No (52) · Yes (10)

No (50) · Yes (12)

; * Random Sample of Feasibility: 1999 to 2001 * The Posner Memorial Collection 2001 to 2004 * The Million Book Project 2003 to 2005 1/03/2013-13/04/2013 1910 to 1960 1975–2000 1984 1984 to 1999 1988 to 2008 1989 1989 to 2008 1991 to 2007 1994 1994-2014 1996-2005 1996-2006 1997 to 2000 1998-2002 1999 to 2015 2001 to 2003 2001-2011 2002 to 2007 2003 2004 2004-2005 2005 to 2006 2005-2007 2006 2006 to 2010 2007 to 2008 2008 2008 to 2014 2009 2009-2010 2009-2011 2010 2010-2011 Pre-2011 2011 2011 to 2012 2011-2012 2011-2014 2012-2013 2013 2014 2015 2015-2016 A semester in 2013 April 2006 April 2007 Between May and July 2014. Mid-1980s Not Stated Not stated November to December 2006 Prior to 2005

Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (2) · Arts and Humanities Research Council (1) · Bruce Miller (1) · Center for Global Partnership (1) · Center for the Analysis of Property Rights and Innovation (CAPRI) (1) · Centre for Copyright and New Business Model in the Creative Economy (CREATe) (1) · Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) (grant RES-173-27-0220) (1) · German Institute for Economic Research (1) · HM Government (1) · HM Treasury (1) · Hellen Posner (1) · Henry Posner jr. (1) · IPO (1) · Intellectual Property Office (4) · Million Book Project (1) · National Science Council, Taiwan (2) · National Science Foundation (1) · None (1) · None stated (1) · Not stated (4) · OHIM (1) · Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (1) · RCUK (1) · The Finnish Academy (1) · The National Academies of the Sciences (1) · The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for the doctoral fellowship and the Association of Colleges and Research Libraries for the Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship that covered the costs of data collection. (1) · The author gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the New Zealand Law Foundation for this research project. (1) · The second author has benefited from the visit to the Institute of Innovation Research of Hitotsubashi University, whose generous provision of research opportunity is gratefully acknowledged (1) · This research was part of the multicountry research project 'Towards a Detente in Media Piracy' undertaken by the Association for Progressive Communications (ACP) and supported bu the Social Science Research Council (SSRC), New York (1) · University of East Anglia (1) · WHO (1) · WIPO (2) · We 
thank 
the
 National
 Human 
Genome 
Research
 Initiative 
for 
a 
generous 
grant 
supporting 
this
 work (1) · ∗Support for this research by NBER’s Economics of Digitization and Copyright Initiative is gratefully acknowledged. (1)

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare (38) · 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? (18) · 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) (10) · 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) (25) · 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media) (38)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) (22) · B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) (19) · C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) (11) · D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) (23) · E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) (4) · F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness) (40)

1 - 2 (9) · 2 - 20 (20) · 20 - 110 (15) · 110 - 300 (12) · 300 - 1,100 (16) · 1,100 - 30,000,000 (16)

; Advertisements Artists Authorities Books Case Studies Case Study Case study Chefs City College students Company Country Cultural Heritage Institutions Cultural Institution Staff Digitised Book Collections Economic theory-based academic papers related to copyright Files Film High school students Hour Individual Individual data Individuals Interview Kickstarter projects Models for database creation Music sales data Music streaming services Musical compositions Open Source Software Open and closed development models P2P communication events Pages of Discussion Piracy data Projects Publications Questionnaire Respondent School curriculum Software Users Students Studies Takedown requests Two types of costs associated with piracy University students Videos Websites Wikipedia pages Wikipedia webpages Workers Years of iTunes selling digital songs and videos authors composers and lyricists copyright enforcement models court records takedown requests years

; 1 year 1/03/2013-13/04/2013 1910 to 1960 1913-32 1973 to 2003 1975 to 2000 1984 1984 to 1999 1984-2011 1986-2005 1988 1988 to 2005 1989-2008 1990 to 2011 1991 - to 2007 1994 1994-2014 1997 to 2000 1998-2002 1999 to 2015 1999-2001 1999-2005 2001 to 2003 2001-2004 2003 2003-2005 2004 2004-2005 2005 to 2006 2005-2007 2006 2007 to 2008 2008 2008 to 2014 2009 2009-2011 2010 2011 to 2012 2011-2012 2011-2014 2012-2013 2013 2014 2015 April 2006 April 2007 January - April 2014 Mid-1980s Not Stated Not stated Not-stated November to December 2006 Prior to 2005

Advertising (2) · Computer programming (3) · Creative, arts and entertainment (21) · Cultural education (10) · Film and motion pictures (19) · Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities (7) · Photographic activities (4) · Programming and broadcasting (2) · Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing (16) · Software publishing (23) · Sound recording and music publishing (23) · Specialised design (3) · Television programmes (7) · Translation and interpretation (2) · Video game publishing (1)