A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) (186)
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This field includes papers that examine policy issues related to the types of works that are eligible for copyright protection and the extent of the protection offered by exclusive rights and moral rights. Among others, the papers included under this category focus on the originality threshold, derivative works, hyperlinking, news aggregation, resale and community norms (including negative space).
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B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) (120)
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This field includes papers that examine policy issues related to whether materials which otherwise are subject to exclusive copyright protection should be available for justifiable use without seeking permission and whether existing exceptions and limitations facilitate creative and scientific progress. Among others, the papers included under this category distinguish exceptions and limitations for the purposes of innovation or public policy, open-ended provisions from closed lists, and commercial and non-commercial uses.
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C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) (65)
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This field includes papers that examine policy issues related to the process that enable mass digitisation of copyright protected content. Among others, the papers included under this category focus on potential solutions for orphan works and non-use of cultural works, including licensing schemes and extended collective licensing, and the application of copyright in cultural heritage institutions.
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D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) (238)
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This field includes papers that examine policy issues related to strategies and licensing solutions in the exploitation of copyright protected materials, and how legal markets attempt to match production to consumption. Among others, the papers included under this category examine collecting societies, metadata, copyright exchanges and hubs, windowing, crossborder access, open access/open science and end-user licensing.
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E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) (105)
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This field includes papers that examine policy issues related to creators’ or rightholders’ earnings. Among others, the papers included under this category focus on the sources of artistic income, royalty flows, contracts, levies and sales displacement.
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F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness) (404)
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This field includes papers that examine policy issues related to the optimal way to enforce the private right of copyright. Among others, the papers included under this category focus on quantifying infringement, motivations for infringement, technological measures of protection, intermediary liability, graduated responses, notice and takedowns, criminal sanctions, litigation and court data.
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