Difference between revisions of "Johnson, Gibson, and Dimita (2012)"
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|Source={{Source | |Source={{Source | ||
|Name of Study=Johnson, Gibson, and Dimita (2012) | |Name of Study=Johnson, Gibson, and Dimita (2012) | ||
− | |Author=Johnson, P.; Gibson, J.; Dimita, G. | + | |Author=Johnson, P.; Gibson, J.; Dimita, G. |
|Title=What Are Words Worth Now: A survey of Authors’ Earnings | |Title=What Are Words Worth Now: A survey of Authors’ Earnings | ||
|Year=2013 | |Year=2013 | ||
Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
|Link=http://www.alcs.co.uk/Documents/what-are-words-worth-now.aspx | |Link=http://www.alcs.co.uk/Documents/what-are-words-worth-now.aspx | ||
|Reference=ALCS 2007; | |Reference=ALCS 2007; | ||
− | |Plain Text Proposition=In 2005 40% of authors earned a living writing, this has dropped to 11.5% in 2013. Digital publishing has increased to the third most important source of income for writers in 2013 overall full- and part-time authors income has fallen,. | + | |Plain Text Proposition=In 2005 40% of authors earned a living writing, this has dropped to 11.5% in 2013. Digital publishing has increased to the third most important source of income for writers in 2013 overall full- and part-time authors income has fallen,.Professional authors income has dropped by 29% from £15450 in real terms in 2005 to £11000 in 2013. This £11000 compares to an average income of £16850 in 2013 in the UK.The typical median income (in real terms) for all writers has dropped from £8810 in 2000 to £5012 in 2005 and to £4000 in 2013.Over 69% of respondents said their contract allowed them to retain copyright which allows them more control over how their creation is used. Where this was most prevalent was in adult fiction (91%0 and the least prevalent in audio/visual and academic writing.57% of respondents signed a “rights reversion” clause, of these 57%, 38% had used or relied on the reversion clause and 70% of them went on to earn more money from the work in question.Over 25% of writers have self-published with a typical return of 40% on their investment and 86% of the self-publishers said they would do it again..The authors warn that the drop in full time writers could decrease the overall contribution of writers to the UK economy. |
− | + | |FundamentalIssue=1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare,2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? | |
− | Professional authors income has dropped by 29% from £15450 in real terms in 2005 to £11000 in 2013. This £11000 compares to an average income of £16850 in 2013 in the UK. | + | |EvidenceBasedPolicy=A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right),D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability),E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) |
− | |||
− | The typical median income (in real terms) for all writers has dropped from £8810 in 2000 to £5012 in 2005 and to £4000 in 2013. | ||
− | |||
− | Over 69% of respondents said their contract allowed them to retain copyright which allows them more control over how their creation is used. Where this was most prevalent was in adult fiction (91%0 and the least prevalent in audio/visual and academic writing. | ||
− | |||
− | 57% of respondents signed a “rights reversion” clause, of these 57%, 38% had used or relied on the reversion clause and 70% of them went on to earn more money from the work in question. | ||
− | |||
− | Over 25% of writers have self-published with a typical return of 40% on their investment and 86% of the self-publishers said they would do it again. | ||
− | .The authors warn that the drop in full time writers could decrease the overall contribution of writers to the UK economy. | ||
− | |FundamentalIssue=1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare, 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? | ||
− | |EvidenceBasedPolicy=A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right), D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability), E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) | ||
|Discipline=L8: Industry Studies: Services, L82: Entertainment • Media, O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital | |Discipline=L8: Industry Studies: Services, L82: Entertainment • Media, O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital | ||
|Intervention-Response=If authors are not protected it could have an effect on the overall amount they contribute toward the economy in the UK. | |Intervention-Response=If authors are not protected it could have an effect on the overall amount they contribute toward the economy in the UK. | ||
Line 36: | Line 25: | ||
|Data Year=2000,2005, and 2013 | |Data Year=2000,2005, and 2013 | ||
|Data Type=Primary and Secondary data | |Data Type=Primary and Secondary data | ||
− | |Data Source=ALCS survey 2007; ALCS survey 2015; | + | |Data Source=ALCS survey 2007;ALCS survey 2015; |
|Method of Collection=Quantitative Collection Methods, Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting), Quantitative data/text mining | |Method of Collection=Quantitative Collection Methods, Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting), Quantitative data/text mining | ||
|Method of Analysis=Descriptive statistics (counting; means reporting; cross-tabulation), Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) | |Method of Analysis=Descriptive statistics (counting; means reporting; cross-tabulation), Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) | ||
− | |Industry=Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing; | + | |Industry=Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing; Creative, arts and entertainment; |
|Country=United Kingdom; | |Country=United Kingdom; | ||
|Cross-country=No | |Cross-country=No | ||
Line 45: | Line 34: | ||
|Government or policy=No | |Government or policy=No | ||
|Literature review=No | |Literature review=No | ||
− | |Funded By=ALCS; | + | |Funded By=Authors’ Licensing & Collecting Society (ALCS); |
}} | }} | ||
|Dataset={{Dataset | |Dataset={{Dataset | ||
|Sample Size=2454 | |Sample Size=2454 | ||
− | |Level of Aggregation=Individual | + | |Level of Aggregation=Individual |
|Data Material Year=2013 | |Data Material Year=2013 | ||
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 08:05, 20 May 2020
Contents
Source Details
Johnson, Gibson, and Dimita (2012) | |
Title: | What Are Words Worth Now: A survey of Authors’ Earnings |
Author(s): | Johnson, P., Gibson, J., Dimita, G. |
Year: | 2013 |
Citation: | P. Johnson, J. Gibson, G. Dimita, What Are Words Worth Now: A survey of Authors’ Earnings, London: ALCS (2014). |
Link(s): | Definitive , Open Access |
Key Related Studies: | |
Discipline: | |
Linked by: |
About the Data | |
Data Description: | 2454, of all types of writers invited to take part. This data was refers to financial year 2014/2015.
56% of respondents were mend and 44% women. 17% are 44 or under, 54% were 45-64, and 29% were over 65. Among the respondents of the survey there were two groups. Professional authors who dedicate a majority of their time to writing and “all Writers” who are a wide range of writers where time spent is not taken into account, includes part and full time authors. The 2007 ALCS data, from “What are Words Worth” used was from the 2004/2005 financial year. Research carried out and published in 2000 by the Society of Authors is also used. |
Data Type: | Primary and Secondary data |
Secondary Data Sources: | |
Data Collection Methods: | |
Data Analysis Methods: | |
Industry(ies): | |
Country(ies): | |
Cross Country Study?: | No |
Comparative Study?: | No |
Literature review?: | No |
Government or policy study?: | No |
Time Period(s) of Collection: |
|
Funder(s): |
|
Abstract
Writers exist in a great many guises and the common perception of the ‘typical’ author is often far from the everyday realities of the profession. This research aimed to seek the truth about authors’ earnings and update our previous research What are Words Worth? published in 2007. We asked all types of ‘writer’ to fill in this survey, including members of ALCS, the Society of Authors, the Writers’ Guild of Great Britain and the National Union of Journalists. Some of the participants are full-time writers, some are part-time and others have another profession. All their views were valuable to us and taken into account in painting an accurate picture of the ways in which authors earn their money from writing today.
Main Results of the Study
In 2005 40% of authors earned a living writing, this has dropped to 11.5% in 2013. Digital publishing has increased to the third most important source of income for writers in 2013 overall full- and part-time authors income has fallen,.Professional authors income has dropped by 29% from £15450 in real terms in 2005 to £11000 in 2013. This £11000 compares to an average income of £16850 in 2013 in the UK.The typical median income (in real terms) for all writers has dropped from £8810 in 2000 to £5012 in 2005 and to £4000 in 2013.Over 69% of respondents said their contract allowed them to retain copyright which allows them more control over how their creation is used. Where this was most prevalent was in adult fiction (91%0 and the least prevalent in audio/visual and academic writing.57% of respondents signed a “rights reversion” clause, of these 57%, 38% had used or relied on the reversion clause and 70% of them went on to earn more money from the work in question.Over 25% of writers have self-published with a typical return of 40% on their investment and 86% of the self-publishers said they would do it again..The authors warn that the drop in full time writers could decrease the overall contribution of writers to the UK economy.
Policy Implications as Stated By Author
If authors are not protected it could have an effect on the overall amount they contribute toward the economy in the UK.
Coverage of Study
Datasets
Sample size: | 2454 |
Level of aggregation: | Individual |
Period of material under study: | 2013 |