Browse data: Studies

; Agada, E.O. Aguiar, L. Akhtari-Zavare, M. Amees, M. Andersen, B. Andrés, A. R. Antal, D. Antelman, K. Astle, P. Aufderheide, P. Australian Law Reform Commission Baghestan, A. G. Bently, L. Bhattacharjee, S. Blackburn, D. Bodo, B. Bodó, B. Borghi, M. Bouchard, M. Bounie, D. Bourreau, M. Buccafusco, C. Buxmann, P. Calzada, J. Camerani, R. Chang, B. H. Chavarro, D. Chen, S. Chen, Y. C. Cheng, H. K. Claussen, J. Clifford, M. Cohen, W. M. Commission of the European Communities Cooper, E. Danaee, M Danaher, B. Daniel, J. De Beer, J De Kaminski, M. Dejean, S. Deloitte Denoyelle, M. Derclaye, E. Dhanasobhon, S. DiCola, P. C. Dimita, G. Doulkaridou-Ramantani, E. Dryden, J. Duan, W. Durand, K. Ebrahim, N. A. Erickson, K. European Commission European Union Intellectual Property Office Evenson, R. Farahmand, E. Fauchart, E. Flynn, J. Frenz, M. Frosio, G. F. Gadd, E. Garcia, K. GfK Belgium Giblin, R. Gibson, J. Gil, J. Giletti, T. Goodridge, P. Gopal, R. D. Graham, S. J. H. Grassano, N. Green, D. Guibault, L. Gunaji, S. Handke, C. Hardwick, P. Haskel, J. Hausberg, J. P. Heald, P. Heald, P. J. Helberger, N. Hicks, J. Hong, S. H. Hoofnagle, C. Huang, Y. Hudson, E. Hui, K. L. Huygen, A. IHS Technology International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) Ishida, C. Jee, S. J. Johnscher, P. Johnson, P. Kalantari, A. Kanwar, S. Kelly, K. Kennedy, J. Kenyon, A. Khang, H. Khaniki, H. Ki, E. J. Klimis, G. M. Kohn, A. Korn, N. Kretschmer, M. Kretschmer, T. Krishnan, S. S. Kumari, M. Kwong, S. W. Lakhani, K. R. Lange, J. Larsson, S. Lee, S. Lemley, M. A. Lertwachara, K. Liebowitz, S. J. Lin, A. K. Maggiolino, M. Marsden, J. R. Martens, B. Mateus, A. M. Matich, N McCalman, P. McCrary, J. Merz, J. F. Mezei, P. Mitra-Kahn, B. Montagnani, M. L. Moreno, J. Morrison, C. Mortimer, J. H. Muir, A. Nelson, R. R. Nera Economic Consulting Nosko, C. Nuccio, M. Oberholzer-Gee, F. Oestreicher-Singer, G. Ohm, P. Oliar, D. Omnipoll Park, J. Pattison, N. Peha, J. M. Pelletier, C. Perzanowski, A. Petitjean, F. Peukert, C. Plouffe, C. R. Png, I. P. Pohl, G. Poort, J. Powell, K. R. Puha, Z. Pénard, T. Quintais, J. P. Raphael, G.O. Rieber-Mohn, T. Rodriguez Perez, F. Rodriguez Perez, J. Roquilly, C. Rutten, P. Sabani, H. Sanders, G. L. Sandulli, F. D. Secker, J. Seng, D. Sepúlveda, R. Shafir, Z. Shahin, S. Shang, R. A. Sicker, D. Sims, R. R. Singh, S. Sinha, P. Sinnreich, A. Sitaraman, R. K. Smith, M. D. Sohn, S. Y. Somaya, D. Sorensen, A. Spaeth, S. Strube, J. Strumpf, K. Suire, R. Sundararajan, S. Svensson, M. Sycamore Research T.M.C. Asser Instituut/Asser International Sports Law Centre and the Institute for Information Law - University of Amsterdam Tamam, E. Tang, P. Tanner, S. Taylor, S. A. Teegen, H. Telang, R. Thomas, J. Throsby, D. Tofi, S.T. Touve, D. Vallbe, J. Vallbé, J. Van Eijk, N. Von Hippel, E. Vuopala, A. Waelbroeck, P. Waldfogel, J. Wallace, D. W. Wallis, R. Walsh, J. P. Weatherall, K. Westkamp, G Whinston, A. B. Willoughby, K. W. World Intellectual Property Organization Xia, M. Zednik, A. Zentner, A.

1997 (1) · 2000 (1) · 2001 (1) · 2002 (1) · 2003 (4) · 2004 (5) · 2005 (5) · 2006 (9) · 2007 (9) · 2008 (8) · 2009 (4) · 2010 (5) · 2011 (4) · 2012 (9) · 2013 (7) · 2014 (11) · 2015 (8) · 2016 (4) · 2017 (2) · 2018 (6) · 2019 (5) · 2020 (4) · 2021 (2) · 2022 (1) · 2023 (1)

; ALCS 2007 Adar and Huberman (2000) Ahmadu (2014) Ahrens (2004) Ajzen and Fishbien (1980) Akami (2004) Alexander (2000) Allen (1983) Allen (2009) Andersen, Kozul-Wright and Kozul-Wright (2007) Andersen and Frenz (2007) Andersen and Frenz (2008) Angrist and Krueger (1992) Anthes (1993) Anuar et al. (2012) Appel (1999) Arendt, Peacemaker and Miller (2018) Arora (1995) Ashcroft and Barker (2014) Astle and Muir (2002) Asvanund, Clay, Krishnan and Smith (2004) Aswatch and Anjaneya (2016) Athey and Mobius (2012) Atkinson Roberts (2004) Attanasio (1988) Attanasio (1996) Aufderheide and Jaszi (2014) Ayris (1999) Bai and Waldfogel 2010 Bailey (2011) Baker and Cunningham (2006) Bakos, Brynjolfsson and Lichtman (1999) Baldrica (2007) Ballon and Westermann (2006) Battistin (2003) Bechtold (2006) Becker (1968) Begg, Fischer and Dornbusch (1994) Belleflamme and Peitz (2010) Benabou and Farchy (2007) Benkler (2005) Bergstrom (2001) Bernstein (1992) Besen and Kirby (1989) Bhattacharjee, Gopal, Lertwachara, Marsden and Telang (2007) Bhattacharjee, Gopal and Sanders (2003) Bhattacharjee et al. (2003) Bjork (2004) Blackburn (2004) Blackwell (2017) Bloom (2005) Bodo (2018) Bodo et al. (2020) Bohannon (2016) Bollen et al. (2005) Boulton et al. (2012) Bounie, Bourreau and Waelbroeck (2006) Boyle (2003) Brown and Martens (2014) Brynjolffson, Hu and Smith (2003) Buccafusco (2007) Buccafusco and Heald (2013) Butler (2001) Cane (2002) Carlson (2003) Carriere (1993) Caves (2000) Chamberlin, Clayton and Farooqui (2007) Charbonneau and McGlone (2013) Chen et al. (2002) Cheng (1995) Chiou and Tucker (2011) Chiou et al. (2005) Chung (1999) Civic Consulting (2011) Clerides (2002) Cohen, Nelson and Wash (2000) Cohen and Walsh (1988) Cohen et al. (1988) Collins and Reiter (2006) Cook (2014) Coplan (2006) Copyright Law Review Committee (2000) Corbett (2011) Cras and Moreteau (2017) Creative Content Australia (2014) DICola and Sag (2012) Danaher, Dhanasobhon, Smith and Telang (2010) Danaher and Waldfogel (2008) Dasgupta and David (1994) De Vany and Walls (2007) Di Orio (2002) Dobrian et al. (2011) Dryden (2008) EIFL (2013) Eckersley (2004) Einav (2002) Emre, Hortacsu, and Syverson (2005) Entman (2004) Erickson (2018) European Parliamentary Research Centre (2014) Evenson (1990) Ewick and Sibley (1998) Fairfield (2005) Feldman and Nadler (2006) Ferrantino (1993) Filippov (2014) Fisher (2004) Fisher (2008) Frey and Pommerehne (1989) Friedman (1992) Frost (2007) Garcia and McCrary (2019) Garner (2005) Gervais (2010) Ghose, Smith, and Telang (2006) Giblin (2012) Giblin (2018) Giblin and Weatherall (2015) Giblin et al. (2018) Giblin et al. (2019) Ginarte and Park (1997) Givon, Mahajan and Muller (1995) Glushko (2007) Golle et al. (2001) Good et al. (2016) Goodridge and Haskel (2011) Gopal, Bhattacharjee and Sanders (2006) Gopal, Sanders, Bhattacharjee, Agrawal and Wagner (2004) Gopal and Sanders (1997) Gopal and Sanders (1998) Gopal and Sanders (2000) Gopal et al. (2004) Gopal et al (2004) Gould and Gruben (1996) Gowers (2006) Gracz (2013) Grassmuck (2009) Greenbaum (2012) Gunthert et al (2007) HEDS (2002) Hammond (2012) Handke, Bodó, and Vallbé (2016) Harabi (1995) Hargreaves (2011) Hargreaves (2012) Harmon (2003) Heald (2008) Heald (2009) Heald (2014) Heald et al. (2015) Helft and Fabrikant (2007) Hellwig (2002) Himmelstein (2018) Hong(2007) Hong (2004) Hong (2007b) Horstmann and Markusen (1987) Hui (2003) Hui and Png (2003) Husted (2000) IPO (2012) ISI (2004) Isiakpona (2012) Jones et al. (2004) Kaimenakis (2007) Katz (1988) Kettler and Towse (2002) Khan (2004) Kollock (1999) Kretschmer, Bently, Singh and Cooper (2011) Kretschmer (2005) Kretschmer (2011) Kretschmer and Hardwick (2007) Krider and Weinberg (2002) Krishnan, Smith, Tang and Telang (2007) Krishnan et al. (2003) Krishnan et al. (2004) Ku, Sun and Fan (2009) Ku (2009) Kwok et al. (2002) LAPSI Interoperability Report (2012) Lakhani (1999) Landes and Posner (1989) Landes and Posner (2003) Lanjouw and Cockburn (2001) Larose and Kim (2007) Lastowka (2008) Lawrence (2001) Lee (2001) Lee and Chyi (2015) Lerner (1994) Lerner and Tirole (2002) Leslie (2004) Levin et al. (1987) Liebowitz (1985) Liebowitz (1986) Liebowitz (2003) Liebowitz (2004) Liebowitz (2005) Liebowitz (2006a) Liebowitz (2014) Liebowitz (2017) Liebowitz and Margolis (2005) Light (2005) Light (2015) Lin (2005) Lin et al. (2005) Litman (2001) Litman (2002) Liu et al. (2012) Liye Ma et. al (2011) MacGarvie, McKeon and Watson (2018) Markus and Penubarti (1995) Markusen (1995) Marshall (2004) Marshall (2012) Masnick (2012) Matthews (2000) McGowan (2001) Merz and Pace (1994) Miguel et al. (2016) Moore (2011) Morris (2009) Morrison (2018) Mortimer (2004) Mortimer and Soren (2004) Naghavi and Schulze (2001) Nigerian Copyright Commission (2008) OHIM (2013b) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2004) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2007) Oberholzer-Gee and Strumpf (2016) Odell, Dill and Palmer (2014) Oheler (2004) Oliar and Matich (2014) Olson (1965) Omoba and Omoba (2009) Oppenheim and Woodward (2004) Owens and Akalu (2004) Pallante (2013) Panas and Ninni (2011) Park and Ginarte (1997) Parker et al. (2019) Parry (1998) Passman (2012) Pearce (2015) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2004) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2004b) Peitz and Waelbroeck (2006) Pennington (2006) Pessach (2007) Pollock et al. (2010) Quintais (2017) Radas and Shugan (1998) Ranganathan et al (2003) Raymond (1999) Reichmann and Okediji (2012) Ricketson (2006) Rob and Waldfogel (2004) Rob and Waldfogel (2005) Rob and Waldfogel (2006) Rob and Waldfogel (2007) Roberts et al (2006) Rogers (2001) Rogers (2019) Rosamond (2002) Rosenblatt (2004) Roth (2004) Samuelson (1994) Sarouis et al. (2002) Schoder and Fischbach (2003) Secker and Morrison (2017) Shah (2006) Shoemaker and Vos (2009) Silbey (2014b) Sims, Cheng and Teegen (1996) Sinai and Waldfogel (2004) Sinha and Mandel (2008) Sinnreich (2019) Smith, Telang, and Zhang (2012) Smith (2001) Smith and Telang (2009) Smith and Telang (2012) Sohn (2006) Sprigman (2017) Srinivansan, Anderson and Ponnavolu (2002) Stewart and Gosain (2006) Stobo, Deazley and Anderson (2013) Strandbourg (2008) Sundarajan (2004) Sundararajan (2004) Takeyama (1994) Tanner (2004) Taylor (2007) Taylor and Todd (1995b) Teece (1986) Throsby (1982) Throsby (1983) Throsby and Hollister (2003) Throsby and Miller (1989) Throsby and Thompson (1994) Towse (2005) Tsai (2012) University of California Office of Communication, California Digital Library eScholarship Program, and Greenhouse Associates, Inc. (2007) Urban and Quilter (2006) Varian (2004) Vetulani (2008) Vickery (2011) Vogel (2007) Von Krogh et al (2012) Vuopala (2010) Waldfogel (2010) Waldfogel (2012) Waldfogel (2017a) Wasko and Faraj (2006) Waterman (2005) Waters (2003) Weaver (2007) Westbrook (2006) Willinsky (2006) Willis (2015) Winsbury (2006) Wu et al (2007) Yang and Chyi (2011) Yen (2003) Zagorsky (1990) Zentner (2003) Zentner (2004) Zentner (2005) Zentner (2006) Zentner (2007) Zhang and Zhu (2010)

; A10: General A11: Role of Economics • Role of Economists • Market for Economists A14: Sociology of Economics A1: General Economics A21: Pre-college A22: Undergraduate A32: Collective Volumes A33: Handbooks C02: Mathematical Methods C81: Methodology for Collecting; Estimating; and Organizing Microeconomic Data • Data Access C88: Other Computer Software C8: Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology • Computer Programs D01: Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles D02: Institutions: Design; Formation; and Operations D11: Consumer Economics: Theory D12: Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis D1: Household Behavior and Family Economics D23: Organizational Behavior • Transaction Costs • Property Rights D4: Market Structure and Pricing D51: Exchange and Production Economies D7: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making D83: Search • Learning • Information and Knowledge • Communication • Belief D8: Information; Knowledge; and Uncertainty D: Microeconomics E01: Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth • Environmental Accounts E02: Institutions and the Macroeconomy E24: Employment • Unemployment • Wages • Intergenerational Income Distribution • Aggregate Human Capital F23: Multinational Firms • International Business H1: Structure and Scope of Government H41: Public Goods H4: Publicly Provided Goods H: Public Economics K00: General K0: General K11: Property Law K12: Contract Law K14: Criminal Law K19: Other K1: Basic Areas of Law K23: Regulated Industries and Administrative Law K2: Regulation and Business Law K40: General K41: Litigation Process K42: Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law K4: Legal Procedure; the Legal System; and Illegal Behavior K: Law and Economics L10: General L11: Production; Pricing; and Market Structure • Size Distribution of Firms L15: Information and Product Quality • Standardization and Compatibility L17: Open Source Products and Markets L1: Market Structure; Firm Strategy; and Market Performance L22: Firm Organization and Market Structure L24: Contracting Out • Joint Ventures • Technology Licensing L29: Other L2: Firm Objectives; Organization; and Behavior L42: Vertical Restraints • Resale Price Maintenance • Quantity Discounts L5: Regulation and Industrial Policy L80: General L81: Retail and Wholesale Trade • e-Commerce L82: Entertainment • Media L83: Sports • Gambling • Restaurants • Recreation • Tourism L86: Information and Internet Services • Computer Software L88: Government Policy L8: Industry Studies: Services L: Industrial Organization M2: Business Economics M31: Marketing M37: Advertising M3: Marketing and Advertising O17: Formal and Informal Sectors • Shadow Economy • Institutional Arrangements O31: Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives O32: Management of Technological Innovation and R&D O33: Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital O38: Government Policy O3: Technological Change • Research and Development • Intellectual Property Rights O: Economic Development; Technological Change; and Growth Y1: Data: Tables and Charts Z11: Economics of the Arts and Literature Z13: Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology • Social and Economic Stratification Z1: Cultural Economics • Economic Sociology • Economic Anthropology

Primary and Secondary data (29) · Primary data (61) · Secondary data (27)

; ALCS survey 2007 ALCS survey 2015 Akami Stream Analyzer Amazon.com Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings Arthur, W.B. (1994) Athey & Mobius (2012) Australian Bureau of Statistics Census 2001, 2006 Author's Licensing & Collecting Society Axel Springer Barro and Lee (2000) BigChampagne Billboard Chart Booksinprint.com Bowker Boxofficemojo.com British Film Institute Bureau of Labor Statistics Business Software Alliance CDBaby CLA datasets COMPUSTAT Case law Chiou & Tucker (2011) Clarivate Web of Science Consumer Expenditure Survey Copyright Licensing Society Copyright Office Current Population Survey DMCA Daniel, E. and Klimis, G.M. (1999) Decima Research survey commissioned by Industry Canada Digital Citizen Project Digital Music News Discogs Dolfsma, W. (2000) Dun and Bradstreet EMusic Economist Intelligence Unit European Social Survey Eurostat Federal Communication Commission Federal Judicial Center Gale Directory of Databases Gameogre.com Gigaom Analysis (2014) Global Market Information Database Google Google Trends Heston et al (2001) Huang et al. (2013) IFPI IMDB IMDb ITunes InfoUSA Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System International Federation of the Phonographic Industry International Game Developers Association International Planning Research Corporation Lee & Chyi (2015) LibGen Mirror Site Library of Congress Literature review Lumen Major Record Company Sales Data Menéame Boycott (2014) Mininova Mint Global Mmorpg.com Mondepersistants.com Moody's Motion Picture Association Movie2k.to MusicBrainz Musicbrainz National studies Neilson Nielsen Nielsen Clickstream Data Nielsen SoundScan OECD Education at a Glance OECD Reports OFCOM Oanda OverDrive Overdrive P2P Trackers PRS for Music Pollstar Publishers Association RIAA Recording Industry Association of America Rentrak Corporation Research Insight Rpgrank.com Scimago Journal and Country Rank ScreenDaily.com Screen Digest (1998) SimilarWeb Softletter Software and Information Industry Association Thingiverse TuneCore Twitter U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Department of Labor UK Audit Bureau of Circulations UK Film Council US Copyright Office United Nations (1999) United States Patent and Trademark Office Viacom WIPO Ward's Wikimedia Commons WinMX World Bank World Bank database World Income Inequality Database World Values Survey Yang & Chyi (2011) Yellow Pages YouTube

Archival Research · Case Study · Document Research · Ethnography · Experimental (Field) · Experimental (Laboratory) · Experimental (Natural) · Focus Groups · Historical Methods · Life History · Longitudinal Study · Participant Observation · Qualitative Collection Methods · Qualitative content/text mining · Quantitative Collection Methods · Quantitative data/text mining · Semi-Structured Interview · Snowball sampling · Structured Interview · Survey Research (qualitative; e.g. consumer preferences) · Survey Research (quantitative; e.g. sales/income reporting) · Unstructured Interview · Web analytic (online user trace data) · Other · None

Cluster analysis (7) · Correlation and Association (28) · Descriptive statistics (counting; means reporting; cross-tabulation) (62) · Discourse Analysis (1) · Factor Analysis (1) · Legal Analysis (10) · Meta-Analysis (3) · Multivariate Statistics (18) · Qualitative Analysis Methods (17) · Qualitative Coding / Sorting (e.g. of interview data) (15) · Quantitative Analysis Methods (61) · Quantitative content analysis (e.g. text or data mining) (27) · Regression Analysis (40) · Social Network Analysis (1) · Structural Equation Modeling (11) · Textual Content Analysis (20)

; Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Bahrain Bangladesh Belgium Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Canada Chile China Colombia Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic Europe European Union Finland France Georgia Germany Global Greece Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Kenya Kuwait Lesotho Lithuania Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mauritius Mexico Multiple New Zealand Nigeria Norway OECD Pakistan Palestine, State of Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Russian Federation Saudi Arabia Singapore South Africa South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand The Netherlands Turkey Unite States United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Unknown Venezuela Zimbabwe

No (75) · Yes (42)

No (89) · Yes (28)

No (110) · Yes (2)

No (98) · Yes (14)

; 1 October 1999 - 15 February 2000. 1 October 2018 – 30 April 2019 10 day period 17 July 2017 1913 to 1932 1980-2017 1981-1990 1991-2000 2006 1993-2004 1994 1994-1998 1996-2000 1996-2001 1996-2002 1997 1997 - 1999 1997-1998 1997-2009 1998-2002 1999-2000 2000,2005, and 2013 2000-2001 2001 2001-2002 2001-2006 2002 2002-2003 2002-2005 2003-2004 2004 2004 - 2019 2004 to 2005 2004 to 2014 2004-2005 2005 2005 to 2006 2005-2008 2005-2012 2006 2007 2007 to 2008 2007-2008 2008 2008 to 2009 2008-2011 2008-2017 2009 2009-2014 2010 2010-2011 2011 2011 to 2012 2011-2013 2011-2015 2012 2012 to 2013 2012-2013 2013 2014 2014-2015 2015 2015-2016 2016 2016-2017 2017 2017-2018 2022 26 January - 26 February 2015 27 September 2014 – 1 March 2015 April 2007 Data was collected over two weeks in 2012. December 2003-January 2004 December 2015 – January 2016 February 2018 January 2000 - December 2001 January 2015 - August 2016 January 2022 to May 2022 July 2003 to July 2006 May 2004-June 2004 May 2007 Not stated November 2009 November 2011 – May 2012 November 2012

; ARC via projects LP160100387, FT170100011 and DE170100037 Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Auckland Council Libraries Australia Council for the Arts Australian Research Council projects LP160100387, FT170100011 and DE170100037 Authors’ Licensing & Collecting Society (ALCS) Berkeley Center for Law & Technology and the Case Western Reserve University Active Learning Fellowship Boston Consulting Group Brisbane City Council Libraries Brittany Regional Council Center for Global Partnership Center for the Analysis of Property Rights and Innovation (CAPRI) Coke-Cola Center for Marketing Studies at the University of Georgia Commonwealth of Australia Copyright in an Age of Access: Alternatives to Copyright Enforcement - NWO TOP Grant #407-11-050 Creative Content Australia Digital Citizenship Project at Illinois State University. Directorate General Communication Networks, Content and Technology Dutch Ministries of Education, Culture and Science, Economic Affairs and Justice. European Commission GE Endowed Professor Fund Gold Coast Libraries Google H2020 Research grant #710722 "OPENing UPnew methods, indicators and tools for peer review, dissemination of research results,and impact measurement" Hampshire Library Service IGCC and UCSC Committee on Research IPO Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation JISC Mack Center Marketing Science Institute (MSI, Grant No. 4-1228) Mellon Foundation Monash University National Research Foundation of Korea (2016R1A2A1A05005270) National Science Council, Executive Yuan, Taiwan, under Grant Number NSC 93-2416-H-031-002 National Science Foundation National Science Foundation (NSF) through the CAREER Award CNS-0546009. National and State Libraries Australia None None stated Not Specified Not Stated Not stated Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation SURF Cooperative (Grant #e-infra190075) Shenkman Family Endowed Chair fund Social Science Division and the Committee on Research at UC – Santa Cruz St Mary’s County Library Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for the doctoral fellowship and the Association of Colleges and Research Libraries for the Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship that covered the costs of data collection. The Spanish Association of Publishers of Periodical Publications (Asociación Española de Editoriales de Publicaciones Periódicas) The study was funded by the UK Authors’ Licensing & Collecting Society (ALCS) Treibick Electronic Commerce Initiative UGSC Division of Social Sciences Vancouver Public Library WHO We 
thank 
the
 National
 Human 
Genome 
Research
 Initiative 
for 
a 
generous 
grant 
supporting 
this
 work Wikipedia Free Knowledge Advocacy Group World Intellectual Property Organization Yarra Plenty Regional Library the Australian Library and Information Association the state libraries of Western Australia, South Australia and New South Wales ∗Support for this research by NBER’s Economics of Digitization and Copyright Initiative is gratefully acknowledged.

1. Relationship between protection (subject matter/term/scope) and supply/economic development/growth/welfare (77) · 2. Relationship between creative process and protection - what motivates creators (e.g. attribution; control; remuneration; time allocation)? (16) · 3. Harmony of interest assumption between authors and publishers (creators and producers/investors) (10) · 4. Effects of protection on industry structure (e.g. oligopolies; competition; economics of superstars; business models; technology adoption) (56) · 5. Understanding consumption/use (e.g. determinants of unlawful behaviour; user-generated content; social media) (60)

A. Nature and Scope of exclusive rights (hyperlinking/browsing; reproduction right) · B. Exceptions (distinguish innovation and public policy purposes; open-ended/closed list; commercial/non-commercial distinction) · C. Mass digitisation/orphan works (non-use; extended collective licensing) · D. Licensing and Business models (collecting societies; meta data; exchanges/hubs; windowing; crossborder availability) · E. Fair remuneration (levies; copyright contracts) · F. Enforcement (quantifying infringement; criminal sanctions; intermediary liability; graduated response; litigation and court data; commercial/non-commercial distinction; education and awareness) · Other · None

0 - 20 (11) · 20 - 110 (32) · 110 - 300 (16) · 300 - 1,000 (23) · 1,000 - 6,000 (23) · 6,000 - 300,000,000 (23)

; Albums Artists Authors Books Case study Chefs Company Concerts Consumer Country Cultural Heritage Institutions Cultural Institution Staff Cultural Institutions Digital Sales in 6 European Music Markets Domains Film Focus Groups Focus group Focus of the study is the domestic market for recorded music in the USA. Hour Households IP Professionals Individual Individual Responses Individual Staff Individual data Individuals Industries Interview Legal experts Multinational music firms Museums Music Music albums Music services News Websites News articles Newspaper Publishers Open Source Software Out-of-print books P2P Communities P2P communication events P2P users PSI re-users Preregistrations Publications Questionnaire Recording Artists Rental Priced Scholarly Communications Software Software Users Songs Stakeholders Students TV Episodes Takedown Notices Takedown Rquests Takedown notices Takedown requests Tweets US Copyright Office Registrations University students Videos Views Virtual World Websites applications ebooks movie-by-weekend-by-country revenue observations orphan works publications per country per year years

; 1 October 2018 – 30 April 2019 10 days 1913-1932 1930-2009 1980-2017 1981-1990 1985-1999 1991-2000 1992-2014 1993-2004 1994 1995-2005 1996-2000 1996-2001 1997 1998 1998-2002 1999-2000 1999-2002 2000-2001 2001 2001-2006 2001-2012 2002 2002-2003 2003 2003-2004 2004 2004 to 2005 2004-2005 2005 2005 to 2006 2005-2007 2005-2008 2005-2012 2006 2007 2007 to 2008 2007-2008 2008 2008 to 2009 2008-2011 2008-2012 2008-2017 2009 2009-2014 2010 2010-2011 2011 2011 to 2012 2011-2013 2012 2012 to 2013 2012-2013 2013 2014 2014-2015 2015 2015-2016 April 2007 July 2003 to 2006 July 2003 to July 2006 June 2014-May 2015 Not Stated Not stated November 2011 – May 2012 The cut-off date for analysis is the end of the 2008 calendar year, although some 2009 data has been included where available and appropriate.

Advertising (1) · Architectural (1) · Computer consultancy (2) · Computer programming (4) · Creative, arts and entertainment (19) · Cultural education (9) · Film and motion pictures (33) · Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities (14) · PR and communication (1) · Photographic activities (10) · Programming and broadcasting (10) · Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing (36) · Software publishing (23) · Sound recording and music publishing (52) · Specialised design (1) · Television programmes (21) · Video game publishing (1)